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Reproductive system E2 > Reproductive system > Flashcards

Reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

prostate gland

A

secretes fluid that protects and nourishes sperm

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2
Q

bolbourethral gland

A

cleanses and lubricates urethra before ejactualtion

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3
Q

oestrogen

A

female sex hormone responsible for sexual characteristics and stimulates the growth of the uterine lining

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4
Q

spermatogenesis

A

sperm production

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5
Q

Oogenesis

A

egg production

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6
Q

gonads

A

sex organs

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7
Q

epididymis

A

the portion of the male duct that sperm mature in.

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8
Q

progesterone

A

causes endomentrial glands to release nutrients into uterine cavity

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9
Q

vas deferens

A

the duct that brings the sperm from the testes to the seminal vesicles.

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10
Q

uterus

A

recieves, retains and nourishes fertilized egg

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11
Q

seminal vesicle

A

makes 70% of semen content

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12
Q

follicle stimulating hormone FSH

A

male and female sex hormone that causes the development of the follicle in the ovary and stimulates the the production of sperm

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13
Q

endometrium

A

uterine lining

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14
Q

luteinising hormone LH

A

released from the anterior pituitary gland (male and female) and stimulates the release of an egg and the release of testosterone

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15
Q

testosterone

A

enhances sperm production and male sexual characteristics

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16
Q

Fallopian tubes

A

the tube through which the ovum is transported to the uterus

17
Q

menstrual cycle days 1-5

A

a decreased level of progesterone and oestrogen at the end of the cycle causes the thickened endomentrial walls to shred. Therefore a period happens.

18
Q

uterine cycle- proliferative stage days 6-14

A

FSH is released from anterior pituitary gland. FSH causes the maturation of follicle in ovary. A mature follicle is called a graafian folicle. Oestrogen prepares the uterus lining for receiving the fertilised egg, by thickening the wall, becoming velevety and icreasing blood supply. At the end of proliferative stage LH is released by anterior pituitary causing realease off egg, this is known as ovulation.

19
Q

Uterine cycle- Secretory Phase

A

Once ovulation has taken place the emptied follicle, now called a corpus luteum dramatically increases progesterone production. Progesterone hormone is responsible for maintaining the lining of the uterus wall for reception of fertilized egg and causes endometrial glands to secrete nutrients into uterine cavity. If no fertilisation takes place the corpus luteum degenerates and thus oestrogen and progesterone levels decrease, leading back to day one of cycle.

20
Q

FSH in men

A

effects semifinerous tubule, produces sperm

21
Q

LH in men

A

testes (intersitial cells) produces testosterone

22
Q

What is a gonad?

A

The primary sex organ, or gonad, is where gametes are produced - the testes in males and the
ovaries in females.

23
Q

What is meant by haploid and diploid?

A

Cells which have two sets of 23 chromosomes (2n) are diploid (nearly all the cells of the body),
whereas a haploid (n) cell contains only one set of 23 chromosomes (only the gametes).

24
Q

Which two anterior pituitary hormones stimulate the production of steroid hormones in the
gonads?

A 
In both males and females, the two gonadotropins are follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and
luteinising hormone (LH). Both stimulate the gonads.
25
Q

Describe the anatomical structures of the female reproductive system.

A

The primary sex organ is the ovary. This matures and releases an ovum into the fallopian tube for
transportation to the uterus. The uterus connects to the birth canal via the cervix. The uterus can
be prepared for implantation of a fertilised ovum, and can become a suitable environment for
gestation of a foetus.

26
Q

Describe the stages of the ovarian cycle.

A

A primary follicle is selected to mature during each cycle. FSH stimulates the maturation in
approximately 14 days, producing a mature Graafian follicle. Ovulation occurs when the mature
follicle ruptures to release the secondary oocyte. The ruptured follicle remains in the ovary as the
corpus luteum – this is viable for 14 days if no pregnancy ensues.

27
Q

Where is the preferred site of fertilisation?

A

is in the fallopian tube.

28
Q

layers of uterus

A

inner lining-endometrium
middle layer- myometrium, muscular- smooth muscle
outer layer-serous layer, thin

29
Q

The site of sperm production in males is in the:

A

seminiferous tubules.

30
Q

The anatomical site of gamete formation in a male is the

A

testes

31
Q

During the proliferative stage of the menstrual cycle…

A

The level of oestrogen in the blood rises.

32
Q

The corpus luteum:

A

produces both oestrogen and progesterone.

33
Q

ovum is egg

A

and is female gamete

Reproductive system E2 (2 decks)

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