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Anatomy and Physiology > Reproductive System > Flashcards

Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

This phase of the menstrual cycle occurs in days 6-14 wherein endometrium rebuilds itself

A

Proliferation phase

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2
Q

These are modified sweat glands located in the breasts

A

Mammary Glands

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3
Q

It is the joining of a sperm cell and a secondary oocyte to form a zygote

A

Fertilization

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4
Q

Paired organs on each side of the uterus held in place by several ligaments

A

Ovaries

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5
Q

What is the milky white, sticky mixture of sperm and accessory gland secretions?

A

Semen

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6
Q

Doughnut-shaped gland that encircles part of the urethra inferior to the bladder

A

Prostate Gland

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7
Q

A copulatory organ designed to deliver sperm into the female reproductive tract

A

Penis

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8
Q

It is the cutting and ligating the ductus deferens, which is a nearly 100% effective form of birth control

A

Vasectomy

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9
Q

Term called during sexual excitement, the erectile tissues fills with blood causing the penis to enlarge and become rigid

A

Erection

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10
Q

What are the 3 major regions of sperm?

A

Head, Midpiece, and Tail

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11
Q

Seminiferous tubules “sperm factories”

A

Testes

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12
Q

What is a sac containing the testes?

A

Scrotum

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13
Q

This undergo meiosis I to form secondary spermatocytes

A

Primary spermatocytes

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14
Q

Primary male reproductive organs

A

Testes

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15
Q

Primary female reproductive organs

A

Ovaries

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16
Q

This develop an acrosome and a flagellum to become sperm cells

A

Spermatids

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17
Q

What major region of the sperm contains mitochondria spiraled around the tail filaments?

A

Midpiece

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18
Q

What lies on the posterior wall of the bladder?

A

Seminal Vesicles

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19
Q

Called as pea-sized glands inferior to the prostate

A

Bulbourethral glands

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20
Q

What is the middle layer of the uterine wall that is composed of smooth muscle?

A

Myometrium

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21
Q

What is the term called for the developing human from 8 weeks o birth?

A

Fetus

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22
Q

What is the female sex hormone that is responsible for maintenance of pregnancy state?

A

Progesterone

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23
Q

This is the time when ovaries secrete less hormones and number of follicles in ovaries is low

A

Menopause

24
Q

This phase of the menstrual cycle occurs in days 15-28 wherein the endometrium is preparing for implantation

A

Secretory phase

25
Q

What is the female sex hormone that is responsible for the development and maintenance of secondary sex characteristics?

A

Estrogen

26
Q

What hormone is produced int he hypothalamus and stimulates secretion of LH and FSH?

A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

27
Q

This is called the fatty layer of skin covering pubic symphysis

A

Mons pubis

28
Q

What age does female puberty begins?

A

between 11 to 13 years of age

29
Q

What hormone is produced in the anterior pituitary and prompts follicles in the ovaries to begin development?

A

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

30
Q

What is the innermost layer of the uterine wall that is sloughed off during menstruation?

A

Endometrium

31
Q

When do males begin to produce sperm?

A

During puberty

32
Q

This phase of the menstrual cycle occurs in days 1-5 wherein the endometrium sheds

A

Menstrual phase

33
Q

What is the hormone produced in the anterior pituitary that causes ovulation?

A

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

34
Q

What is the process of gamete production in females?

A

Oogenesis

35
Q

Term called for small erectile structure located in vestibule; Equivalent to male penis

A

Clitoris

36
Q

How many hours do oocytes live after ovulation?

A

12-24 hours

37
Q

Its function is to receive, retain, and provide nourishment for fertilized oocyte, where embryo resides and develops

A

Uterus

38
Q

What is the part of the uterus which extends toward ovaries and receive oocytes?

A

Uterine (Fallopian) Tube

39
Q

What male gland contains enzymes to liquify semen after it is inside female?

A

Prostate gland

40
Q

Another term for ductus deferens

A

Vas deferens

41
Q

Thread like tubules on side of each testes

A

Epididymis

42
Q

What major region of the sperm contains DNA and has a helmetlike acrosome containing hydrolytic enzymes that allow the sperm to penetrate and enter the egg?

A

Head

43
Q

This consists of the testes, a series of ducts, accessory glands, and supporting structures

A

Male reproductive system

44
Q

What is the process of formation of sperm cells?

A

Spermatogenesis

45
Q

How many sperm does 1 milliliter of semen contain?

A

100 million

46
Q

What male sex hormone is produced in the interstitial cells in the testes?

A

Testosterone

47
Q

What protein hormone is secreted by cells of the seminiferous tubules and inhibits FSH secretion?

A

Inhibin

48
Q

How many milliliters of semen is ejaculated each time?

A

2 to 5 milliliters

49
Q

Average number of days of menstrual cycle

A

28 days

50
Q

This consists of ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, external genitalia, and mammary glands

A

Female reproductive system

51
Q

How many oogonia do females have when they are born?

A

2 million

52
Q

This is where 2 labia minora unite over clitoris

A

Prepuce

53
Q

What is the term called for the first episode of menstrual bleeding?

A

Menarche

54
Q

Group of cells in ovaries that contain oocytes

A

Ovarian follicle

55
Q

It is called the female copulation organ that receives sperm from the penis during intercourse

A

Vagina

Anatomy and Physiology (5 decks)

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