Reproductive System Flashcards
This phase of the menstrual cycle occurs in days 6-14 wherein endometrium rebuilds itself
Proliferation phase
These are modified sweat glands located in the breasts
Mammary Glands
It is the joining of a sperm cell and a secondary oocyte to form a zygote
Fertilization
Paired organs on each side of the uterus held in place by several ligaments
Ovaries
What is the milky white, sticky mixture of sperm and accessory gland secretions?
Semen
Doughnut-shaped gland that encircles part of the urethra inferior to the bladder
Prostate Gland
A copulatory organ designed to deliver sperm into the female reproductive tract
Penis
It is the cutting and ligating the ductus deferens, which is a nearly 100% effective form of birth control
Vasectomy
Term called during sexual excitement, the erectile tissues fills with blood causing the penis to enlarge and become rigid
Erection
What are the 3 major regions of sperm?
Head, Midpiece, and Tail
Seminiferous tubules “sperm factories”
Testes
What is a sac containing the testes?
Scrotum
This undergo meiosis I to form secondary spermatocytes
Primary spermatocytes
Primary male reproductive organs
Testes
Primary female reproductive organs
Ovaries
This develop an acrosome and a flagellum to become sperm cells
Spermatids
What major region of the sperm contains mitochondria spiraled around the tail filaments?
Midpiece
What lies on the posterior wall of the bladder?
Seminal Vesicles
Called as pea-sized glands inferior to the prostate
Bulbourethral glands
What is the middle layer of the uterine wall that is composed of smooth muscle?
Myometrium
What is the term called for the developing human from 8 weeks o birth?
Fetus
What is the female sex hormone that is responsible for maintenance of pregnancy state?
Progesterone
This is the time when ovaries secrete less hormones and number of follicles in ovaries is low
Menopause
This phase of the menstrual cycle occurs in days 15-28 wherein the endometrium is preparing for implantation
Secretory phase
What is the female sex hormone that is responsible for the development and maintenance of secondary sex characteristics?
Estrogen
What hormone is produced int he hypothalamus and stimulates secretion of LH and FSH?
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
This is called the fatty layer of skin covering pubic symphysis
Mons pubis
What age does female puberty begins?
between 11 to 13 years of age
What hormone is produced in the anterior pituitary and prompts follicles in the ovaries to begin development?
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
What is the innermost layer of the uterine wall that is sloughed off during menstruation?
Endometrium
When do males begin to produce sperm?
During puberty
This phase of the menstrual cycle occurs in days 1-5 wherein the endometrium sheds
Menstrual phase
What is the hormone produced in the anterior pituitary that causes ovulation?
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
What is the process of gamete production in females?
Oogenesis
Term called for small erectile structure located in vestibule; Equivalent to male penis
Clitoris
How many hours do oocytes live after ovulation?
12-24 hours
Its function is to receive, retain, and provide nourishment for fertilized oocyte, where embryo resides and develops
Uterus
What is the part of the uterus which extends toward ovaries and receive oocytes?
Uterine (Fallopian) Tube
What male gland contains enzymes to liquify semen after it is inside female?
Prostate gland
Another term for ductus deferens
Vas deferens
Thread like tubules on side of each testes
Epididymis
What major region of the sperm contains DNA and has a helmetlike acrosome containing hydrolytic enzymes that allow the sperm to penetrate and enter the egg?
Head
This consists of the testes, a series of ducts, accessory glands, and supporting structures
Male reproductive system
What is the process of formation of sperm cells?
Spermatogenesis
How many sperm does 1 milliliter of semen contain?
100 million
What male sex hormone is produced in the interstitial cells in the testes?
Testosterone
What protein hormone is secreted by cells of the seminiferous tubules and inhibits FSH secretion?
Inhibin
How many milliliters of semen is ejaculated each time?
2 to 5 milliliters
Average number of days of menstrual cycle
28 days
This consists of ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, external genitalia, and mammary glands
Female reproductive system
How many oogonia do females have when they are born?
2 million
This is where 2 labia minora unite over clitoris
Prepuce
What is the term called for the first episode of menstrual bleeding?
Menarche
Group of cells in ovaries that contain oocytes
Ovarian follicle
It is called the female copulation organ that receives sperm from the penis during intercourse
Vagina
