Reproductive system

Question 1

When does puberty typically occur for boys? What triggers the process?

Answer 1

-‘pulses’ of pituitary gonadotropins (GnRH) starts 7yrs before puberty
-‘pulses’ increase and peak at puberty
-puberty around 14 in boys

Question 2

What are signs that has occurred?

Answer 2

-first ejaculation of viable sperm in boys
-appearance of other secondary sexual characteristics (pubic hair growth, height, voice)

Question 3

What are the 3 stages of the ovarian cycle? Provide they’re duration

Answer 3

-Follicular phase (days 1-14)
-Ovulation (day 14)
-Luteal phase (days 15-28)

Question 4

Describe what occurs during follicular phase of ovarian cycle.

Answer 4

Days 1-14
-FSH stimulates follicle growth
-dominant follicle matures while others degenerate.

Question 5

Describe what occurs during ovulation phase of ovarian cycle.

Answer 5

Day 14
-LH surge causes mature follicle to release ovum, enters fallopian tube

Question 6

Describe what occurs during luteal phase of ovarian cycle.

Answer 6

-ruptured follicle forms corpus luteum
-secretes progest. to prep. uterus for pregnancy
-if no pregnancy, it degenerates into corpus albicans
-FSH levels rise to start new cycle

Question 7

What are the 4 stages of the menstrual cycle? Provide they’re duration

Answer 7

• Menstrual phase (day 1)
• Proliferative phase (days 5-14)
• Secretory phase (days 15-26)
• Premenstrual phase (days 27-28)

Question 8

Describe what occurs during menstrual phase of menstrual cycle.

Answer 8

Day 1
-endometrial lining sheds, causing menstrual bleeding.

Question 9

Describe what occurs during proliferative phase of menstrual cycle.

Answer 9

Days 5-14
-Oestrogen from developing follicles rebuilds endometrium

Question 10

Describe what occurs during secretory phase of menstrual cycle.

Answer 10

Days 15-26
-Progesterone from corpus luteum thickens endometrium further
-prep for implantation

Question 11

Describe what occurs during premenstrual phase of menstrual cycle.

Answer 11

Days 27-28
-no pregnancy occurs, corpus luteum atrophies, prog. levels drop
-leads to endometrial degeneration, start of menstruation