Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

reproductive system > REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM > Flashcards

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

MITOSIS

A

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION, PROCESS BY WHICH CELLS MAKE EXACT COPIES OF THEMSELVES WITHOUT ANOTHER CELL PRESENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CELLULAR REPRODUCTION

A

PROCESS OF CREATING NEW CELL ALSO KNOWN AS CELL DIVISION DUE TO THE DIVISION OF THE TWO CELLS WHEN REPRODUCED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

EUKARYOTIC CELL

A

CELLS THAT MAKE UP THE HUMAN BODY
-HAS NUCLEUS, CELLULAR ORGANELLES, AND SEVERAL CHROMOSOMES IN NUCLEUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

CHROMOSOMES

A

GENETIC MATERIAL OF CELL (DNA) BUNDLED INTO PACKAGES OF CHROMATIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

GAMETES

A

CELLS FOR SEXUAL REPRODUCTION ( OVA- EGGS AND SPERM) AND HAVE 23 CHROMOSOMES (HALF )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

MEIOSIS OR REDUCTION DIVISION

A

SPECIAL FORM OF CELL DIVISION IN WHICH EACH DAUGHTER CELL RECEIVES HALF THE AMOUNT OF DNA AS THE PARENT CELL

-OCCURS DURING FORMATION OF EGG AND SPERM CELLS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

PRIMARY GAMETOCYTES

A

SPERMATOCYTES FOR MEN AND OOCYTES FOR WOMEN ARE PRODUCED THROUGH MEIOSIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

SECONDARY GAMETOCYTES

A

DAUGHTER CELLS AT THE END OF MEIOSIS I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

DOWN SYNDROME

A

BIRTH DEFECT DUE TO AN EXTRA CHROMOSOME 21 IN CELLS. OCCURS DURING MEIOSIS, USUALLY IN MOTHER WHEN CELLS FAIL TO SEPARATE.

-CAUSES SHORT STATURE, HEART DEFECTS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

IMPORTANCE OF MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS FOR HUMAN LIFE

A

-NEEDED IN ORDER FOR CELLS TO BE REPLACED AFTER INJURY
-NEEDED TO PRODUCE HUMANS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

GONADS

A

SPECIALIZED ORGANS, MALE ARE TESTES AND FEMALE ARE OVARIES
-PRIMARY GENATALIA FOR BOTH MEN AND WOMEN
-PROCDUCE GAMETES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

FERTILIZATION

A

WHEN AN EGG AND SPERM UNITE COMBINING GENETIC MATERIAL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ZYGOTE

A

FERTILIZED EGG, HAS 46 CHROMOSOMES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

EMBRYO

A

RESULT OF ZYGOTE UNDERGOING MILLIONS OF ROUNDS OF MITOSIS AND DEVELOPMENT WITHIN THE FEMALE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

FETUS

A

FROM EMBRYO DEVELOPED INTO FETUS, WITH DEVELOPEIN THE UTERUS UNTIL BIRTH GOING FROM FETUS TO NEWBORN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

GENITALIA

A

REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

ORGANS THAT PRODUCE SPERM AND EGG

A

GONADS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

PRIMARY GENITALIA IN FEMALES

A

-OVARIES (OVAL- SHAPED PAIRED ONE ON EACH SIDE OF UTERUS AND 3 CM LONG)

-EACH OVARY CONTAINS THOUSANDS OF MICROSCOPIC SACS, OR FOLLICLES.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

FEMALE ACCESSORY GENITALIA

A

-UTERINE TUBES (OVIDUCTS OR FALLOPIAN TUBES
-UTERUS
-VAGINA
-VULVA (EXTERNAL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

MESOVARIUM

A

ATTACHES THE OVARIES TO THE ABDOMINAL WALL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

SUSPENSORY LIGAMENT

A

ATTACHES THE OVARY TO THE LATERAL PELVIC WALL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

OVARIAN LIGAMENT

A

ANCHORS THE OVARY TO THE UTERINE WALL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

TUNICA ALBUGINEA

A

FIBROUS CAPSULE THAT COVERS THE OVARY, MADE OF CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

INFUNDIBULUM

A

LARGE FUNNEL LIKE PORTION OF THE FALLOPIAN TUBE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

FIMBRIA

A

CILIATED HAIR LIKE PROJECTIONS AT THE ENDS OF THE FALLOPIAN TUBES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

AMPULLA

A

WIDENED AREA OF FALLOPIAN TUBE, between the infundibulum and the isthmus. Fertilization most often takes place in the ampulla.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

ISTHMUS

A

LONGER, NARROWER PORTION OF THE FALLOPIAN TUBE.
A tiny channel that connects the ampulla to the portion of your fallopian tube that’s closest to your uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

MESOSALPINX

A

OUTSIDE OF THE FALLOPIAN TUBE, the fold of peritoneum draping over both uterine tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

BODY

A

MAJOR PORTION OF THE UTERUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

FUNDUS

A

ROUNDED SUPERIOR PORTION BETWEEN THE UTERINE TUBES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

CERVIX

A

VALVELIKE PORTION OF THE UTERUS THAT PROTRUDES INTO THE VAGINA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

CERVICAL CANAL

A

CONNECTS WITH THE VAGINA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

MESOMETRIUM

A

ATTACHES TO THE UTERUS TO THE LATERAL PELVIC WALLS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

BROAD LIGAMENT

A

COMBINATION OF THE MESOMETRIUM AND MESOVARIUM. SECONDARY SUPPORT FOR THE UTERUS IN THE PELVIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

ROUND LIGAMENTS

A

ANCHORS THE UTERUS TO THE ANTERIOR WALL OF THE PELVIC CAVITY. SECONDARY SUPPORT FOR THE UTERUS IN THE PELVIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

PAP TEST

A

NAMED AFTER GEORGE PAPANICOLAOU.

CERVIX EXAMINATION INVOLVING CERVICAL CELL SCRAPINGS TO DETECT THE PRESENCE OF CANCER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

3 LAYERS OF THE UTERINE WALL

A

-PERIMETRIUM (OUTERMOST LAYER ALSO CALLED VISCERAL PERITONEUM)

-MYOMETRIUM (MIDDLE LAYER HAS SMOOTH MUSCLE)

-ENDOMETRIUM (INNER LINING IS MUCOSA LAYER OF COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM AND SECRETORY CELLS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

2 DIVISIONS OF ENDOMETRIUM MUCOSA

A
  • BASAL LAYER (REGENERATES THE UTERINE LINING EACH MONTH)

-FUNCTIONAL LAYER (SHEDS ABOUT EVERY 28 DAYS WHEN A WOMAN HAS HER PERIOD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

DYSMENORRHEA

A

DIFFICULT MENSTRUATION PRESENTED BY PAINFUL CRAMPS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

A

WHEN EMBRYO ATTACHES IN THE UTERINE TUBE AND NOT THE UTERUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

ENDOMETRIOSIS

A

INFLAMMATION OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE LINING THE UTERUS

-CONDITION IN WHICH CONTINUED PROLIFERATION AND DECAY AND BLEEDING OF THE ENDOMETRIAL TISSUE IN THE ABDOMINAL AND PELVIC CAVITIES CAUSE SCARRING AND DAMAGE TO ORGANS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

ESTRADIOL

A

AN ESTROGEN HORMONE - It can treat symptoms caused by menopause or removal of the ovaries. It can also treat prostate and breast cancer, and prevent osteoporosis.

43
Q

FALLOPIAN TUBES

A

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS CONNECTING THE OVARIES TO THE UTERUS

44
Q

OVARIAN CYSTS

A

SOLID OR FLUID-FILLED SACS OR POCKETS WITHIN OR ON THE SURFACE OF AN OVARY

45
Q

OVARIES

A

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS THAT PRODUCE AND RELEASE EGGS

46
Q

PROGESTERONE

A

FEMALE SEX HORMONE PRODUCED IN THE OVARIES AFTER OVULATION

47
Q

ULTRASOUND

A

USES SOUND WAVES TO CREATE IMAGES OF THE INSIDE OF THE BODY

48
Q

UTERINE BIOPSY

A

REMOVAL OF TISSUE FROM THE LINING OF THE UTERUS TO DIAGNOSE REPRODUCTIVE DISEASES

49
Q

UTERINE ARTERIES

A

main vessels supplying blood to the uterus. Mainly, they originate from the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery.

50
Q

ARCUATE ARTERIES

A

SPLIT UTERINE ARTERIES SUPPLY BLOOD TO THE MYOMETRIUM

51
Q

ENDOMETRIUM

A

LINING OF THE UTERUS

52
Q

VAGINA

A

SMOOTH MUSCLE TUBE WITH MUCOUS MEMBRANE LINING, ABOUT 10 CM LONG, FROM UTERUS TO OUTSIDE OF THE BODY.

53
Q

HYMEN

A

PERFORATED MEMBRANE COVER OF EXTERNAL OPENING OF THE VAGINA

54
Q

VULVA

A

EXTERNAL GENITALIA WHICH IS SURROUNDED ON EACH SIDE BY LABIA MAJORA.

55
Q

LABIA MAJORA

A

ROUNDED FAT DEPOSITS THAT SURROUND THE ENTRANCE TO THE VAGINA

-THEY PROTECT THE REST OF THE EXTERNAL GENATALIA

56
Q

PERINEUM

A

AREA BETWEEN THE VAGINA AND THE ANUS

57
Q

PUDENDAL CLEFT

A

OPENING BETWEEN THE TWO HALVES OF THE LABIA MAJORA

58
Q

VESTIBULE

A

SPACE INTO WHICH THE URETHRA (ANTERIOR) AND VAGINA (POSTERIOR) EMPTY

59
Q

LABIA MINORA

A

the smaller inner folds of the vulva

60
Q

PREPUCE

A

SEVERAL GLANDS, BARTHOLIN’S GLAND, SURROUND THE VESTIBULE, HELPING TO KEEP IT MOIST

61
Q

CLITORIS

A

SMALL ERECTILE STRUCTURE, HAS A SHAFT, OR BODY, AND A GLANS (TIP), AND BECOMES ENGORGED WITH BLOOD DURING SEXUAL AROUSAL. INCREASES IN DIAMETER

62
Q

MAMMARY GLANDS

A

SET OF EXTERNAL ACCESSORY SEXUAL ORGANS IN FEMALE.

-GLANDS THAT PRODUCE MILK IN THE BREASTS

63
Q

ALVEOLI

A

MILK SECRETING SACS

64
Q

LACTATING

A

PRODUCING MILK, MADE FROM ALVEOLI

65
Q

MENSTRUAL CYCLE

A

FEMALE REPRODUCTION ORGANIZED AROUND ABOUT 28- DAY CYCLE

-CYCLE INVOLVES OVARIES, UTERUS, PITUITARY GLAND, AND THE HYPOTHALAMUS

66
Q

OVARIAN CYCLE

A

MONTHLY MATURATION AND RELEASE OF EGGS FROM THE OVARY

67
Q

UTERINE CYCLE

A

MONTLY BUILDUP, DECAY AND SHEDDING OF THE UTERINE LINING

68
Q

MENARCHE

A

THE FIRST OCCURENCE OF MENSTRUATION

69
Q

MENOPAUSE

A

END OF MENSTRUATION WITH SYMPTOMS SUCH AS HOT FLASHES, DIZZINESS, HEADACHES, AND EMOTIONAL CHANGES

70
Q

FOLLICLE STAGE

A

LASTS ABOUT 10 DAYS

-The pituitary gland in the brain releases a hormone to stimulate the production of follicles on the surface of an ovary.

-During this phase, your uterus lining also thickens in preparation for pregnancy.

71
Q

FOLLICLE- STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH) (1ST)

A

The pituitary gland in the brain releases a hormone to stimulate the production of follicles on the surface of an ovary.

72
Q

OVULATION STAGE (2ND)

A

PITUITARY STOPS PRODUCING FSH (FOLLICLE- STIMULATING HORMONE) AND STARTS PRODUCING ANOTHER HORMONE, LUTEINIZING HORMONE (LH)

73
Q

CORPUS LUTEUM STAGE (3RD)

A

THE CORPUS LUTEUM SECRETES PROGESTERONE AND CONTINUES TO DO SO IF EGG IS FERTILIZED, PREVENTING FURTHER OVULATION AND MAINTAINING THE UTERINE LINING.

74
Q

MENSTRUATION STAGE (FINAL)

A

OCCURS IF EGG IS NOT FERTILIZED, CORPUS LUTEUM DECREASES PRODUCTION OF PROGESTERONE AND THE UTERINE LINING IS BROKEN DOWN AND DISCHARGED BETWEEN 3-6 DAYS

75
Q

MENSES

A

TIME PERIOD WHEN THE UTERINE LINING IS SHED (PERIOD OF MENSTRUATION) TIME DURING HAVING YOUR PERIOD

76
Q

MENSTRUATION

A

ACTUAL SHEDDING OF THE ENDOMETRIUM

77
Q

OVULATION

A

AFTER MENSES IS OVER, phase of the female menstrual cycle that involves the release of an egg (ovum) from one of the ovaries. It generally occurs about two weeks before the start of the menstrual period.

78
Q

OOCYTE

A

EGG CELL

79
Q

OOGENESIS

A

PROCESS BY WHICH EGGS ARE PRODUCED

80
Q

OOGONIA

A

EGG STEM CELLS IN THE OVARY

81
Q

PRIMARY OOCYTES

A

Primary oocytes are formed from the oogonia by the mitotic division AND are formed during the embryonic development

-HAPPENS EARLY IN LIFE

-MILLIONS OF PRIMARY OOCYTES ARE PRODUCED IN A FETUS

82
Q

GRANULOSA CELLS

A

HELPER CELLS

83
Q

PRIMORDIAL FOLLICLES

A

THE PRIMARY OOCYTE AND SURROUNDING CELLS ONCE SURROUNDED BY GRANULOSA CELLS

84
Q

PRIMARY FOLLICLES

A

The follicular cells become cuboidal AND THE OOCYTE ENLARGES

85
Q

GRAAFIAN FOLLICLE

A

MATURE FOLLICLE IN ITS SAC

86
Q

HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN (HCG)

A

HORMONE SECRETED IF EGG IS FERTILIZED

87
Q

PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME (PMS) OR PREMENSTRUAL DYSPHORIC DISORDER (PMDD)

A

POSSIBLE DIAGNOSIS WHEN SYMPTOMS ARE SO SEVERE THAT IT AFFECTS QUALITY OF LIFE

88
Q

AMENORRHEA

A

ABSENCE OF MENSTRUATION AND CAN BE DUE TO PREGNANCEY, MENOPAUSE, DISTRESS, EXTREME DIETING, OR POOR HEALTH

89
Q

TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME (TSS)

A

INFLAMMATORY DISEASE THAT OCCURS IN MENTRUATING WOMEN, USUALLY DUE TO TAMPON MISUSE.

-BACTERIA PRODUCE A TOXIN THAT CAUSES SYMPTOMS SUCH AS HIGH FEVER, HEADACHE, VOMITING, DIARRHEA, SORE THROAT, RASH AND IRRITABILITY.

90
Q

POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME (PCOS)

A

DISORDER - FORMATION OF MUTIPLE CYSTS ON THE OVARIES, HORMONAL ABNORMALITIES, INFERTILITY, OVESITY, AND INSULIN RESISTANCE.

-WOMEN MAY FAIL TO OVULATE AND HAVE EXCESS FACIAL HAIR, MALE-PATTERN BALDNESS AND IRREGULAR MENTRUAL CYCLES.

91
Q

VAGINITIS

A

INFLAMMATION OF THE VAGINA THAT IS CAUSED BY A MICROORGANISM SUCH AS A BACTERIA OR YEAST

92
Q

TESTES

A

MALE PAIR OF PRIMARY GENITALIA OR GONADS THAT PRODUCE MALE GAMETE OR SPERM.

93
Q

PENIS

A

EXTERNAL SPERM-DELIVERY ORGAN

94
Q

SPERM DUCTS

A

-EPIDIDYMIS
-VAS DEFERENS
-URETHRA (CHANNEL FOR BOTH EXCRETING URINE AND EXPELLING SEMEN)

95
Q

SENSORY GLANDS IN MALES

A

-PROSTATE GLAND
-SEMINAL VESICLES
-BULBOURETHRAL GLANDS

96
Q

SCROTUM

A

SUSPENDED SAC OF PAIRED GLANDS CONTAINING THE TESTES

97
Q

CRYPTORCHIDISM

A

FAILURE OF ONE OR BOTH TESTES TO DESCEND INTO THE SCROTAL SAC

98
Q

HYDROCELE

A

ABNORMAL COLLECTION OF FLUID WITHIN TESTES

99
Q

TUNICA VAGINALIS

A

MEMBRANE SURROUNDING TESTES

100
Q

SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES

A

MADE OF TISSUE, CONTAIN SPERM STEM CELLS AND SPERM HELPER CELLS

101
Q

SERTOLI CELLS (IN MALES)

A

NURSE CELLS

102
Q

SPERMATIC CORD

A

THE VAS DEFERENS RUNS THROUGH A TUBE, WITH BLOOD VESSELS AND NERVES

103
Q

BENIGN PROSTATE HYPERPLASIA (BPH)

A

NONCANEROUS ENLARGEMENT OF THE PROSTATE, COMMON CAUSE OF LOWER URINARY TRACT SYMPTOMS IN MEN.

-COMMON IN MEN 60+
-DUE TO ENLARGEMENT OF THE PROSTAGE IMPINGING ON THE URETHRA AND BLADDER SYMPTOMS INCLUDE :

*URINARY URGENCY AND FREQUENCY
*NIGHT URINATION, WEAK URINE STREAM
*INCOMPLETE BLADDER EMPTYING

104
Q

PROSTATE CANCER

A

MOST COMMON NONSKIN FORM OF CANCER IN AMERICAN MEN.

reproductive system (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions