Reproductive pathology Flashcards
Positives of long acting reversible contraceptives
Accurate
Doesn’t rely on patient compliance
Cost-effective
Multiple methods available
Transformation zone
Where you take cervical smears from
At the sides when young
More vertical and up past the cervix during menopause
Smear test
Use of speculum to visualise cervix and cytobroom to sample cells from transformation zone
IMB
Intermenstrual bleeding
PCB
Post-coital bleeding
Normal ferritin level
20
What size mass could you feel on a abdominal palpation?
12-40 week gestation
Not necessarily a baby
Types of pelvic ultrasound
Transabdominal and transvaginal
Why would you do a bimanual examination?
To see uterine size and position
Mobility and tenderness
Adnexal masses
Treatment options for heavy menstrual bleeding
Dependent on patient - age, fertility plans etc.
NSAIDs can inhibit prostaglandins making flow more manageable
Tranexamic acid prevents dissolution of clots and so prevents excessive blood loss
Endometrial ablation
Burns away endometrial lining and it doesn’t regenerate
Types of hysterectomy
Abdominal Vaginal (laprascopic)
Non-hormonal treatment of menopause
SSRIs, SNRIs, gabapentin, CBT
Endometriosis symptoms
Dysmenorrhoea Dyspareunia Dysuria Dyschezia Chronic pelvic pain
Endometrioma
Cyst of ovary lining causing cyclical bleeding, inflammation and scarring
Appears grainy due to the presence of broken down blood
