Reproductive Meds Flashcards
What are some therapeutic uses of oestrogen?
oral contraception, alleviating menopausal symptoms, treatment of acne in women and treatment of neoplastic disorders i.e. prostate tumours and breast cancer
What class of medication is goserelin and what is it used for?
goserelin is a luteinising hormone agonist and is used in the treatment of prostate cancer
Name other luteinising hormone agonists
leuproelin, nafarelin, triptorelin
What is cetrorelix and what is it used for?
Cetrorelix is a gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist. It is used in women undergoing IVF to prevent premature ovulation
What medication is used in a female patient with oestrogen deficiency
Oestrogen
What common conditions can the medication progestin (synthetic progesterone) help treat?
Menorrhagia (heavy menstrual bleeding) and endometriosis
What is levonogestrel? what is it commonly known as? and what does it do?
it is a synthetic progesterone, commonly known as the morning after pill and is used as a first line emergency contraceptive
what treatment is available for someone suffering from testosterone deficiency?
testosterone replacement therapy
What drug class does bicalutamide belong to? what does it do? and what is it used for?
bicalutamide is within the antiandrogens drug class. This means that it blocks the effects of testosterone. it is used in the treatment of prostate cancer along side goserelin.
what drug class is tamoxifen? what does it do? and what is it used for?
tamoxifen is within the selective oestrogen receptor modulators (SERM) drug class. It works by blocking the oestrogen receptors. It is used in the treatment of breast cancer.
what drug class is finasteride? what does it do? and what is it used for?
finasteride is within the 5-alpha reductase inhibitors drug class. It blocks the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone. It is used in the treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy to reduce the size of the prostate.
What do oral contraceptives (the pill) normally contain?
oestrogen and progestin
How does the pill prevent pregnancy?
The pill prevents pregnancy by preventing the formation of a dominate follicle (oestrogen) and maintaining the oestrogen level below the peak level required to stimulate luteinising hormone (which normally causes the follicle to release an egg into the ovary) The progestin within the pill also works to supress the surge of luteinising hormone.
What other effect does progestin have in preventing pregnancy (other than supressing LH surge)
progestin also has the effect of thinning the uterine lining and thickening the cervical mucus
Where can a contraceptive injection be given? and how long does it last?
upper arm or buttocks, upto 3 months
What medications can be used for the treatment of endometriosis
combined hormonal contraceptives, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) injection or norethindrone taken PO, NSAID’s such as ibuprofen or naproxen, if those don’t work then GnRH agonists such as leuprolide or nafarelin
Which drug class is the most common treatment for erectile dysfunction?
phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors
Examples of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors
sildenafil , tadalafil, vardenafil and avanafil
