Reproductive Issues Flashcards
absence of menses by age 14 w/o secondary sexual development or absence of menses by age 16 w/ normal development
primary amenorrhea
causes of primary amenorrhea (8)
- extreme weight loss
- stress
- eating disorders
- cushing’s disease
- congenital gynecologic abnormalities
- polycystic ovarian syndrome
- hypothyroidism
- ovarian/adrenal tumors
absence of menses for 3 months after regular menstruation
secondary amenorrhea
causes of secondary amenorrhea (10)
- pregnancy
- breastfeeding
- emotional stress
- pituitary/ovarian/adrenal tumors
- depression
- malnutrition
- hyper or hypothyroidism
- vigorous exercise
- early menopause
- high prolactin levels
treatment options for amenorrhea (6)
- cyclic progesterone
- thyroid hormone replacements
- bromocriptine if elevated prolactin
- oral contraceptives
- nutrition counseling
- lifestyle changes
what is dysmenorrhea
painful menstruation
is dysmenorrhea a common occurrence
yes, it is most common gynecological complaint for women
increased prostaglandin production by the endometrium results in
primary dysmenorrhea
when is the peak during menses for primary dysmenorrhea
day 1 and 2 of menses
causes contractions of the uterus resulting in painful periods
increased prostaglandin production by the endometrium
form of dysmenorrhea that is a result of pelvic and uterine pathology
secondary dysmenorrhea
endometriosis, fibroid tumors, pelvic inflammatory disease, IUDs and cervical stenosis can all result in what occurrence
secondary dysmenorrhea
what is the most common cause of secondary dysmenorrhea
endometriosis
at what age is endometriosis most common
30s and 40s
ectopic implantation of endometrial tissue in other parts of pelvis is
endometriosis
pain beyond menstruation, dyspareunia and infertility are all symptoms that can be associated with what
endometriosis
what is the most common GYN disease
endometriosis
where is the endometrial tissue most often attached in endometriosis
ovaries, fallopian tubes, bowel or pelvic wall
chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, autoimmune and endocrine disorders can often accompany what disease
endometriosis
in endometriosis does the affected tissue respond to hormones during menstrual cycle just like endometrial tissue
yes
infertility (blocked tubes), pelvic pain before and during menses, dyspareunia, painful urination, heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic adhesions, irregular, more frequent menses, premenstrual vaginal spotting are all clinical manifestations of what disease
endometriosis
