Reproductive - fellas nd makin bebes

Question 1

What are the two components of the testis?

Answer 1

Tubular components

Interstitial components

Question 2

What type of cells compose Tubular components?

Answer 2

Sertoli cells

Germ cells

Question 3

What type of structures compose Interstitial components?

Answer 3

Leydig cells

Capillaries

Question 4

What do Sertoli cells do?

Answer 4

Supporting germ cells in development

Question 5

What do Germ cells do?

Answer 5

Precursor cells for sperms

Question 6

What are the two main features of a sperm cell?

Answer 6

1. An acrosome, contains digestive enzymes that gobble up egg’s outer shell
2. Tail for motility

Question 7

What intracellular structure forms the acrosome?

Answer 7

golgi apparatus

Question 8

What intracellular structure forms the flagellum?

Answer 8

Centriole

Question 9

What happens to the premature sperm cell once acrosome and flagellum are established? (3)

Answer 9

1. Excess materials ‘eaten up’ by sertolli cells
2. DNA repackaged
3. tail develops from flagellum

Question 10

Where does fertilisation occur?

Answer 10

The fallopian tube

Question 11

Prefertilization events? 4

Answer 11

1. Changes in the cervical mucus – becomes thin
2. Muscular contractions of the uterus and the fallopian tube
3. The fimbrial end comes into contact with the ovary
4. Peristaltic movements brings it to the ampulla

Question 12

What is capacitation?

Answer 12

Functional maturation of the spermatozoon, occurs in the female genital tract

Question 13

What happens after capacitation?

Answer 13

Acrosome reaction

Question 14

How does the sperm penetrate the corona radiata?

Answer 14

Flagellar action, enzymes

Question 15

What does the cortical reaction in the zona pellucida prevent

Answer 15

polyspermy

Question 16

How does sperm binding to the zona pellucida prevent polyspermy? (2)

Answer 16

1. Na+ influx changes membrane potential = fast block

2. Kinase stimulation and increase in level of Ca2+ leads to formation of hyaline layer

Question 17

What effects does sperm binding (and consequently rise in intracellular Ca2+) result in? 3

Answer 17

1. Triggers the egg to complete meiosis
2. Triggers a cytoplasmic rearrangement
3. Causes a sharp increase in protein synthesis and metabolic activity in general

Question 18

What is the final stage of fertilisation?

Answer 18

Haploid sperm and haploid egg nuclei fuse to form diploid nucleus of the zygote

Question 19

Most human sperms do not survive longer than 48 hours in the female genital tract.

Answer 19

T

Question 20

Fertilisation is Completed within 24 hours of ovulation

Answer 20

T

Question 21

Some sperm are held up by the folds of the cervix and are gradually released into the cervical canal; this gradual release increases the chances of fertilization.

Answer 21

T

Question 22

Why are egg cells bigger than sperm cells?

Answer 22

Egg cells are considerably larger than sperm cells because they carry the cytoplasm and organelles necessary for cell division and growth to begin, while sperm cells are basically a cell nucleus and a tail.