Reproductive Diseases

Question 1

Pyometra

What is the aetiology?

Answer 1

Occurs in un-spayed animals

Bacterial infection of uterus, often involving E-coli

Common in un-spayed older bitches who have had several seasons but can be seen in younger animals

(may have history of hormone therapy for mismating/heat suppression)

Question 2

Pyometra

What is the pathophysiology?

Answer 2

Cystic changes in the uterus and bacterial infection occurring during the oestrus phase

Open cervix allows entry of bacteria into uterus

Large accumulation of pus due to immune response of phagocytes – open or closed

Bacterial toxins enter bloodstream – septicaemia/toxaemia (which can be fatal)

Question 3

Pyometra

What are the clinical signs?

Answer 3

Vomiting
Pyrexia may be present
Anorexia
Depression
PUPD
Vaginal discharge - mucopurulent (if cervix open)
Distended abdomen if very large pyo

Question 4

Pyometra

What are the diagnostic techniques?

Answer 4

History (6/8 weeks post season) and clinical signs

Radiography of abdomen

Ultrasound

Bloods – haematology