Reproductive cells Flashcards
what does sexual reproduction increase? what is the definition of this?
genetic diversity. different combination of genes(allele=version of a gene)
what is natural selection?
differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to the difference in phenotype=what one looks like(expression of genotype)
what is a genotype?
genetic composition of an organism(all alleles of all genes)
how are chromosomes made?
upon cell division(growth or production of gametes), DNA condenses into chromosomes.
what are sister chromatids?
chromsones duplicate and form chromatids.
what is a Ploidy?
number of copies of each type of chromosomes in a cell.
how many chromosomes per human somatic cell?
23 pairs, 46 chromosomes.
what are somatic cells?
all cell except gametes.
what is the difference between diploid and haploid?
diploid is 2 copies of each type of chromosome, haploid is 1 copy.
how many copies of each type of chromosomes do gametes have?
one. thus 23 pairs of chromosomes.
2n=46
2=number of copies of each type of chromosomes
n=number of types of chromosomes
46=total number of chromosomes
where is the centromere on the chromosome?
in the middle
where is the telomere on the chromosome?
end part
where is the gene on chormosome?
top part
what are the two types of chromosomes?
unreplicated and duplicated
