Reproduction Unit

Question 1

gonads

Answer 1

organs that produce gametes. they’re ovaries in females and testes in males.

Question 2

primary sex characteristics

Answer 2

body structures that are specific to gender. Ovaries in females and Testes in males.

Question 3

secondary sex charactericstics

Answer 3

appear at puberty. growth of pubic hair for both males and females, voice deepening in males and breast growth + hips widen

Question 4

sperm cells

Answer 4

male reproductive gametes produced in testes. are built with a head, body and tail.

Question 5

testes

Answer 5

male gonads, male sex hormones and sperm are produced here.

Question 6

scrotum

Answer 6

the sac that holds the testes.

Question 7

seminiferous tubule

Answer 7

coiled ducts found in the testes where immature sperm cells divide +differentiate into mature sperm cells.

Question 8

sertoli cells

Answer 8

cells that provide metabolism and mechanical support to developing sperm cells.

Question 9

epidiymis

Answer 9

structure found along the posterior wall of the testes consisting of coiled ducts that store sperm.

Question 10

vas deferens

Answer 10

tube that conducts sperm toward the urethra

Question 11

ejaculatory duct

Answer 11

tube formed at the union of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle ducts and opening into the urethra.

Question 12

seminal vessicles

Answer 12

structure that contributes to the seminal fluid. secretes fructose and protaglandins.

Question 13

prostate glands

Answer 13

contributes buffers that provide protection to the sperm cells entering the acidic environment of the vagina.

Question 14

cowper’s gland

Answer 14

structure that contributes a mucus-rich fluid to the seminal fluid.

Question 15

semen

Answer 15

the transport medium for sperm to fertilize eggs.

Question 16

ovaries

Answer 16

produce and store eggs and make hormones.

Question 17

ova

Answer 17

egg cell.

Question 18

follicle

Answer 18

structure in the ovary that contains the oocyte.

Question 19

ovulation

Answer 19

release of the secondary oocyte from the follicle held within the ovary.

Question 20

fimbrae

Answer 20

finger-like production at the end of a Fallopian Tube.

Question 21

Fallopian Tube

Answer 21

1 of the 2 tubes that connect the ovaries to the uterus.

Question 22

uterus

Answer 22

hollow, pear-shaped organ located between the bladder and anus.

Question 23

endometrium

Answer 23

the glandular inner lining of the uterus.

Question 24

cervix

Answer 24

a muscular band separating the vagina and uterus. designed to hold the fetus in place.

Question 25

vagina

Answer 25

connects the uterus to the outer enviroment.

Question 26

menstration

Answer 26

the shedding of the endometrium 1. Flow Phase 2. Follicular Phase 3. Ovulation 4. Lucteal Phase

Question 27

sexually transmitted infection (STI)

Answer 27

infections passed from people to people. ex chlamydia

Question 28

HPV

Answer 28

in men it can cause cancer of the penis and in males it can cause cervical cancer.

Question 29

GnRH

Answer 29

stimulates LH &FSH secretion in Pituitary

Question 30

LH

Answer 30

stimulates ovulation in females and testosterone secretion in males.

Question 31

testosterone

Answer 31

responsible for secondary sex characteristics and is essential in sperm production

Question 32

andropause

Answer 32

age in men when sperm production is reduced

Question 33

corpus luteum

Answer 33

immature follicles. secretes progesterone and estrogen. develops the endometrium.

Question 34

follicular phase

Answer 34

FSH stimulates follicle production and secretes estrogen.

Question 35

Lucteal Phase

Answer 35

corpus luteum develops, secretes estrogen and progesterone, build up of hormones and causes a negative feedback loop to inhibit FSH and LH, low levels of FSH & LH signal menstruation.

Question 36

flow phase

Answer 36

shedding of endometrium, 1st phase and its visible. lasts approximately 5 days

Question 37

fertlization

Answer 37

fusing of egg and sperm forming a zygote, called conception

Question 38

zygote

Answer 38

diploid cell of a fused egg and sperm

Question 39

cleavage

Answer 39

series of mitotic divisions where the cytoplasm is broken into smaller cells.

Question 40

blastocyte

Answer 40

6-10 days, rapidly dividing ball of cells.

Question 41

implantation

Answer 41

the embryo attaches to the uterus.

Question 42

partuition

Answer 42

birth

Question 43

HCG

Answer 43

hormone produced by placenta after implantation, detected by pregnancy tests.

Question 44

gastrulation

Answer 44

phase where germ layers form. ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.

Question 45

differentiation

Answer 45

cells become specialized. ex stem cell

Question 46

allantois

Answer 46

sac-like structure on the posterior of the embryo

Question 47

amnion

Answer 47

extraembryonic membrane forming around the embryo. innermost layer.

Question 48

chorion

Answer 48

outermost layer of the embryo, contains mesoderm

Question 49

yolk sac

Answer 49

provides nutrition and gas exchange between mother and child

Question 50

placenta

Answer 50

organ that develops during pregnancy, provides oxygen and nutrients

Question 51

umbilical cord

Answer 51

bundle of nerves/ narrow cord that connects an embryo with the placenta