Reproduction Terms Flashcards
Prepuce
The retractable fold of skin covering the glans penis.
Sometimes called the foreskin
Os penis
A bone encased in the penile tissue. Found in dogs
Mammary glands
Milk producing glands in females
Estrous cycle
Sometimes called the heat cycle, occurs at the onset of puberty and continues through the Animals life. Prepares the uterus to accept a fertilized ovum
Proestrus
Period of the estrous cycle before sexual receptivity. Proestrus involves the secretion of FSH by the pituitary gland, which causes the follicles to develop in the ovary. FSH stimulates ovarian release of estrogen, which helps prepare the reproductive tract for pregnancy.
Estrus
Period of the estrous cycle in which the female is receptive to the male. Ovulation happens in the stage
Ovulation
Graafian follicle ruptures and releases its egg
Heat
When ovulation occurs in an animal
Diestrus
Period of the estrous cycle after meterstrus. This short phase of inactivity and quietness is seen in polyestrous animals before the onset of proestrus
Anestrus
Period of the estrous cycle when the animal is sexually quiet.
Monestrous
Having one estrous or heat cycle per year
Polyestrous
Having more than one estrous or heat cycle per year
Spontaneous ovulators
Animals in which ovum release occurs cyclically
Induced ovulators
Animals in which the ovum is released only after copulation
Seasonally
Pertaining to a specific time of year
Copulate
Sexual intercourse
Placenta
The female organ of mammals that develops during pregnancy and joins mother and offspring for exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products
Embyro
The developing zygote after implantation
Fetus
An unborn animal. This term is usually used more toward the end of pregnancy
Gestation
The period of development of the fetus in the uterus from conception to parturition
Viable
When a fetus is cable of living outside the mother
Parturition
The act of giving birth
Antepartum
The period before the onset of labor
Postpartum
The period immediately after labor
Delivery
Expulsion of the fetus
Neonate
Term for a newborn animal
Meconium
The first stool of a newborn that consists of material collected on the intestines of the fetus
Presentation
The orientation of the fetus before delivery
Cranial presentation
a presentation in which the legs and head are directed toward the cervix
Caudal presentation
The pelvis and rear legs are directed toward the cervix
Transverse presentation
Involves the fetus laying across the cervix, and normal parturition is not achieved
Breech presentation
The tail of the fetus is presented first and delivery may or may not be obstructed
Radiography
Procedure in which film is exposed as ionizing radiation passes through the patient and shows the internal body structures in profile
Ultrasound
Diagnostic test using high- frequency waves to evaluate internal structures
Abortion
Termination of the pregnancy or premature expulsion of a nonviable fetus
Cryptorchidism
Developmental defect in which one or both of the testes fail to descend into the scrotum
Dystocia
Difficult birth
Mastitis
Inflammation of the mammary glands
Paraphimosis
Retraction of the skin of the prepuce causing a painful swelling of the glans penis that prevents the penis from being retracted
Prostatitis
Inflammation of the prostate
Pseudocyesis
False pregnancy
Pyometra
Pus in the uterus
Retained placenta
Non- passage of the placenta after delivery of the fetus. Can lead to metritis and infertility in the female
Sterility
Inability to reproduce
Uterine prolapse
Protrusion of the uterus through the vaginal orifice
Vaginal prolapse
Protrusion of the vagina through the vaginal wall or vaginal orifice
Cesarean section
Delivery of offspring through an incision in the maternal abdominal and uterine walls also called c- section
Mastectomy
Surgical removal of the mammary gland or breast
Neuter
To sexually alter males
Intact
Capable of reproduction
Ovariohysterectomy
Surgical removal of the ovaries, uterine tubes and uterus. Also called spay , abb. OHE or OVH
