Reproduction of Animals

Question 1

Modes of animal reproduction?

Answer 1

-asexual and sexual reproduction

Question 2

What is asexual reproduction?

Answer 2

• genetic materials come from one parent, without the fusion of egg and sperm
• genetically identical to parent

Question 3

what is sexual reproduction?

Answer 3

genetic material of two individuals combined to produce genetically diverse offspring that differ from their parent

Question 4

asexual reproduction?

Answer 4

• fission
• budding
• gemmules
• fragmentation and regeneration

Question 5

alternation of asexual and sexual reproduction?

Answer 5

• parthenogenesis
• hermaphroditism
• sequential hermaphroditism

Question 6

what is fission?

Answer 6

separation of a parent cell into two or more daughter cells of approximately equal in size

Question 7

binary fission?

Answer 7

• separation of parent’s nucleus into half
• produces 2 individuals (identical)
• eg: amoeba paramecium, euglena

Question 8

multiple fission?

Answer 8

nucleus of a parent cell divides repeatedly and produces many individuals
-amoeba

Question 9

what is budding?

Answer 9

• outgrowth (bud) pushes out from the parent’s cell, pinches off and enlarges into a new cell
• coral and hydra

Question 10

what is gemmules?

Answer 10

internal buds found in sponges

-involved in asexual

Question 11

what is fragmentation and regeneration?

Answer 11

breaking of the body into several pieces or some may develop into complete adults

Question 12

sexual reproduction?

Answer 12

creation of an offspring by fusion of male and female gametes to form zygote

Question 13

the female and male gamete?

Answer 13

• egg

- sperm

Question 14

reproductive cycle are controlled by?

Answer 14

1. hormones

2. environmental cues

Question 15

what is hermaphroditism?

Answer 15

sexual reproduction presents a special problem for certain organism
-seldom encounter a mate

Question 16

parthenogenesis?

Answer 16

a process in which an egg develops without being fertilized

• clone of a mother
• arthropods and some species of lizards

Question 17

internal and external fertilization ?

Answer 17

• fusion of gametes inside of the body of a parent (terrestrial animals)
• fusion of gamete outside of the body of a parent (aquatic animal)

Question 18

main function of fertilization?

Answer 18

to bring the haploid nuclei of sperm and egg together to form a diploid zygote

Question 19

process of releasing gametes into the water is called?

Answer 19

spawning

Question 20

what is pheromone and the function?

Answer 20

• chemical released by one organism that can influence the physiology and behavior of other individuals of the same species
• mate attractions

Question 21

oviparity and ovoviviparity?

Answer 21

• expulsion of undeveloped eggs

- the young grow in eggs inside the mother’s body and the mother gives birth to live young

Question 22

viviparity?

Answer 22

development of embryo inside the body of mother eventually leading to give birth
-mostly in mammals