reproduction in plants and animals Flashcards
what is pollination
The transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma
What does fertilisation involve?
Pollen nucleus fusing with the ovum nucleus to form a zygote
What is cross-pollination and self-pollination?
Self pollination is within the same plant
Cross pollination is transfer across two different plants
How can plants reproduce asexually using natural methods?
Budding
Runners
Bulbs
How can plants reproduce asexually using artificial methods?
Cutting
How can seeds be dispersed? Why are they dispersed?
Seeds can be dispersed by wind, water, or animals. This is useful because it means the same plants arent always competing for the same resources (eg. water, minerals). The plants are more spread out rather than concentrated in one singular, small area.
What are the conditions needed for seed germination?
Warm, water available, oxygen available
How do germinating seeds utilise food reserves until the seed can carry out photosynthesis?
Break down the starch in the food store into glucose for aerobic respiration
What is the role of oestrogen in the developing of secondary sexual characteristics?
IN FEMALES
- growth of hair
- growth of hips
- deepening of voice
- development of sexual organs
- development of breasts
What is the role of testosterone in the developing of secondary sexual characteristics?
IN MALES
- growth of hair
- deepening of voice
- development of sexual organs (testes and prostate)
- muscle growth
- growth spurts
What is the role of oestrogen in the menstrual cycle?
Controls the development of the uterus wall lining
What is the role of progesterone in the menstrual cycle?
Completes and maintains the development of the uterus wall lining
What is the role of FSH in the menstrual cycle?
Causes maturing of egg inside follicle
What is the role of LH in the menstrual cycle?
Causes the release of the mature egg
