Reproduction In Plants Flashcards
What is the base of a flower called ?
The receptacle
What is the perianth of a plant composed of?
The sepal and petals
What is the function of the sepal found in plant ?
Protective of the young flower bud
Why are petals of a plant typically brightly colored?
Serve to attract insects to pollinate follower.
State the name of male part of the plant and the parts found in it.
Stamen, anther and filament
Where is pollen produced ?
In the anther
Androecium
What is the gynoecium ?
The female part of the flower that produces the female gametophyte within the ovules in ovaries.
What does the carpel consist of?
Ovary with its ovules, style and stigma
If both gametes are located on a plant it is said to be ________.
If a plant only had either male or female gamete are called __________.
Plants that have separated male and female gametes on the same plant is said to _________.
Hermaphrodite
Dioecious
Monoecious
How are pollen grains formed ?
- Anthers have lobes with pollen sacs within the sacs they diploid mother cell.
- mother pollen cells are surrounded by a single layer of tapetum cells that transfer nutrients to developing pollen.
- The mother cells divide by meiosis to produce 4 pollen grains (microspore) and kept in groups of four afterwards.
- The grains separate and develop a thick two layered wall .
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Draw and label the parts of a flower
Define pollination
The transfer of pollen from the anther to the female stigma.
What are ways that plants can be pollinated ?
By wind , insects , water or animal
How may nuclei does plants have ?
7
Steps in Fertilization
- Once the pollen grains reaches the stigma it germinates.
- A pollen tube emerges and travels through the style and once it reaches the ovule it grows through the micropyle.
- The tube degenerates and tip burst to release the male gametes
- One male gametes fuses with the female gamete forming a zygote while the other fuses with the polar nucleus to form the endosperm
What are two types of pollination?
Cross pollination and self pollination
Another name for flowering plants?
Angiosperm
What are some factors that promote cross pollination ?
The factors which favour cross pollination are unisexuality, dichogamy, self sterility, mechanical and structural barrier and heterostyly.
What are genetic consequence of self pollination?
Self-fertilization occurs in hermaphroditic organisms when the two gametes fused in fertilization come from the same individual.Although this is still sexual reproduction (because it incorporates meiosis and fertilization), it yields offspring that are lacking in genetic variation.
How does dioecy promote cross pollination?
Dioecious plants only have a either male or female part therefore they are not able to self pollination therefore cross pollination is inevitable.
How does self incompatibly/ sterility promote cross pollination?
Self-incompatibility is a condition where pollen is not able to fertilize the same flower or other flower.
some species, the pollen grains are non functional. Such condition is known as male sterility. It prevents self-pollination and promotes cross pollination.
What is the purpose of the endosperm?
To provide nutrients to the developing embryo
What develops into a seed coat ?
Integuments
Draw and label the ovule
A genetic consequences of cross pollination is
out-crossing—leads to greater genetic diversity because the microgametophyte and megagametophyte are derived from different plants.
The ovule develops in the fruit
True or False?
False
Ovary
How does seed develop from embryo sac?
The zygote ultimately divides to produce the mature embryo, the ovule develops into a seed, and the ovary.
What is the functions of the fruit
Protect seeds during their maturation
Disperse mature seeds
