Reproduction In Organism Flashcards
Life span?
Each and every organism can live only for a certain period of time. The period from birth to natural death of an organism.
Range of life spans?
As short as few days to as long as 1000s yrs. Btw these extremes is the life span of most organisms.
Relation of life span and size.
Not necessarily correlated. Size of parrot and crow not very different yet life spans show wide difference. Crow 15 yrs and parrot 140 yrs. Similarly, mango tree has shorter life span compared to banyan tree.
No individual is immortal.
Irrespective of the life span, death of every individual organism is a certainty. Except single celled organisms eg amoeba it is due to the fact that they divide and continue to live as their daughter cells.
Process that ensures the continuity of living organisms for several 1000s of years?
Reproduction
Reproduction?
A biological process in which organism gives rise to young ones(offspring) similar to itself. The offspring 1. Grow 2. Mature and 3. In turn produce new offspring. Thus, there is a cycle of 1. Birth 2. Growth 3. Death
Reproduction enables
The continuity of the species, generation after generation.
There is a large diversity in the biological world and each organism has evolved its own mechanism to _and _ offspring.
Multiply and produce
What factors are responsible for how an organism reproduces?
- Organisms habitat
- It’s internal physiology
- Several other factors
Collectively responsible for how it reproduces.
Process of reproduction is divided into 2 on the basis of?
Whether there is participation of one or 2 organisms in the reproduction.
What is asexual reproduction?
When offspring is produced by a single parent with or without the involvement of gamete formation.
Sexual reproduction?
When 2 parents (opp sex) participate in the reproductive processes and also involve fusion of male and female gametes.
Offsprings produced in ASR are not just identical to one another but are also?
Exact copies of their parents
ASR offspring likely to be genetically identical or different?
Identical
What is a clone?
Morphologically and genetically similar individuals.
ASR is common among
- Single celled organisms (Protists and monerans)
2. Plants and animals with relatively simple organisations.
Cell division a mode of reproduction
In protists and monerans, the organisms or the parent cell divides by mitosis into two to give rise to new individuals.
Cell division in unicellular organisms
- Yeast
- Amoeba
- Budding
2. Binary fission
Who does binary fission and how?
Many single celled organisms like Amoeba and paramecium. Here cell divides into 2 halves and each rapidly grows into an adult
Budding, who does and what happens ?
Yeast does, the division is unequal and small buds are produced that remain attached initially to the parent cell which eventually gets separated and mature into new yeast organisms (cells).
ASR structures 1. Chlamydomonas 2. Penicillium 3.hydra 4. Sponge
- Zoospores
- Conidia
- Buds
- Gemmules
