reproduction in flowering plants Flashcards
what are the differences between sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction?
read table on page 56
what are the similarities between sexual and asexual reproduction?
- they produce the same kind of organism to prevent species from becoming extinct
- result in food being produced to feed growing population
what are the advantages of sexual reproduction?
- results in variation
- basis for evolution
- gives organisms better chance of survival in unstable environment due to adaptation
- prevents the spread of diseases because of genetic resistance
- reduces chances pf inheriting a disease from a parent
what are the advantages of asexual reproduction?
- all individuals can produce
- process is simpler and faster
- its useful in a unchanging environment
- favourable mutation can be rapidly spread
what are the disadvantages of sexual reproduction
- high energy expenditure
- reproduction is slower due to gametes fusion
- unfavourable mutations and recessive genes may be expressed
- outside agents are needed
what are the disadvantages of asexual reproduction?
- no offspring variation
2. overcrowinding
what are the male parts of a flower?
anther, filament, male gametes
what are the female parts of a flower?
style,ovary,ovules and stigma
keep going
my boy
what is the function of the anther?
forms pollen grains where male gametes are found
what is the function of the filament?
holds anther in a favorable position so pollen can be released
what is the function of the stigma?
sticky surface for pollen to adhere to
what is the function of the style?
joins stigma to ovary an holds stigma in the best position to receive pollen
what id the function of the ovary?
to form ovules which matures into a a fruit
what is the function of the ovule?
contains females gametes and forms a seed
what is pollination?
the transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma which enables feralization and reproduction
what is feralization?
the joining of two haploid cells to form a diploid cell
how has sexual reproduction led to improved crops ?
breeders selected seeds from superior plants which eliminates those with undesirable traits through cross pollination of individuals of a species
how has asexual reproduction led to improved crops
- propagation is faster because there is no gamete formation
- all the propagated plants of a consistent
- large quantities of plants can be produced
- using grafting techniques grows fruits more an they reach maturity sooner
how did genetic engineering techniques benefit food production give examples?
it has resulted in genetically modified organisms
example 1: BT maize a soil bacterium that kills pests, the gene of this protein has been transplanted into crops giving the maize crop resistance to that pest
example 2:round up soy beans
that sexual reproduction is used in the production of new and improved varieties of food crops including polypoid
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