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Horse Smarts > Reproduction & Genetics > Flashcards

Reproduction & Genetics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the study of heredity or the inheritance of genes from parents?

A

Genetics

Horse Smarts HS 505-1

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2
Q

What are genetics?

A

The study of heredity or the inheritance of genes from parents.

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3
Q

What are genomics?

A

A branch of genetics that involves characterization of all the genes and DNA sequences of a specific organism.

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4
Q

What is the branch of genetics that involves characterization of all the genes and DNA sequences of a specific organism?

A

Genomics

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5
Q

Name a genetically controlled trait which can be used effectively in horse production.

A

Coat color

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6
Q

True or False: Conformation, athletic ability, and intelligence which are the most commonly desired traits in horses, are difficult to measure on a genetic basis.

A

True

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7
Q

What are two contributing factors to the overall personality and physical features of the horse?

A

Genetics and the environment.

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8
Q

Genetics and the environment are two contributing factors to the overall personality and physical features of the horse. Name two factors considered to be environmental.

A

Feeding, training, interaction with other horses, etc.

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9
Q

Genetics and the environment are two contributing factors to the overall personality and physical features of the horse. What does the genetic influence include?

A

The characteristics passed from one parent to their offspring.

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10
Q

Every cell in the body contains genetic material as DNA stored where?

A

Nucleus

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11
Q

Every cell in the body contains genetic material stored in the nucleus as what?

A

DNA

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12
Q

Genetic material, or DNA, is contained within what long, slender, and thread-like structures that are paired?

A

Chromosomes

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13
Q

What are chromosomes?

A

Long, slender, threadlike structures that are paired within the cell’s nucleus.

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14
Q

True or False: The pairs of each chromosome are not identical.

A

True

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15
Q

True or False: The pairs of each chromosome are identical.

A

False

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16
Q

The pairs of each chromosome are not identical. Explain why.

A

One chromosome is acquired from the dam (mare) and the other from the sire (stallion).

Horse Smarts HS 505-1

17
Q

What is the basic unit of inheritance?

A

The gene

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18
Q

What are the holders for the basic unit of inheritance?

A

Chromosomes

Horse Smarts HS 505-1

19
Q

What are the holders for genes?

A

Chromosomes

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20
Q

Genes are located where along the chromosomes?

A

The locus (loci when plural)

Horse Smarts HS 505-1

21
Q

Where are genes located along the chromosomes?

A

The locus (loci when plural)

Horse Smarts HS 505-1

22
Q

What are loci?

A

The locations where genes are located along the chromosome.

Horse Smarts HS 505-1

23
Q

What is a locus?

A

The location where genes are located along the chromosome.

Horse Smarts HS 505-1

24
Q

How many pairs of chromosomes does a horse have?

A

32

Horse Smarts HS 505-1

25
Q

How many chromosomes does a horse have?

A

64, or 32 pairs

Horse Smarts HS 505-1

26
Q

How many of the 32 pairs of chromosomes in a horse are somatic or autosomal chromosomes?

A

31 pairs

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27
Q

If 31 of the 32 pairs of chromosomes in a horse are somatic or autosomal chromosomes, what is the remaining pair?

A

The sex chromosomes.

Horse Smarts HS 505-1

28
Q

What do the sex chromosomes in a horse determine?

A

The sex of the horse.

Horse Smarts HS 505-1

29
Q

Female horses have how many X chromosomes?

A

2

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30
Q

Male or Female: Which horse has an X AND a Y chromosome?

A

Male

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31
Q

What are body cells known as?

A

Somatic cells

Horse Smarts HS 505-1

32
Q

What are somatic cells?

A

Body cells

Horse Smarts HS 505-1

33
Q

What do all body (or somatic) cells contain?

A

A complete set of genetic material or 32 pairs of chromosomes.

Horse Smarts HS 505-1

34
Q

What are sex cells known as?

A

Gametes or germline cells

Horse Smarts HS 505-2

35
Q

If somatic cells contain a complete set of genetic material, what do the sex cells contain?

A

Only a single copy of each chromosome

Horse Smarts HS 505-1&2

36
Q
A

Horse Smarts (1 decks)

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