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IB Biology HL > Reproduction - D3.1 > Flashcards

Reproduction - D3.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is sexual reproduction?

A

involves 2 parents, offspring is genetically different, dna created through meiosis

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2
Q

what is asexual reproduction?

A

involves 1 parent, offspring is the same, dna created through mitosis

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3
Q

what is the purpose of meiosis?

A

to create gametes (sperm and eggs) for sexual reproduction

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4
Q

where does meiosis take place?

A

in the testes or in the ovaries or “gonads”

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5
Q

what is the process that creates sperm (gametes)?

A

spermatogenesis

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6
Q

where does spermatogenesis take place?

A

seminiferous tubules of the testes

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7
Q

what does GnRH do for males?

A

stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release FSH and LH

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8
Q

what does FSH do for males?

A

stimulates the Sertoli cells of the seminiferous tubules to support sperm production

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9
Q

what does LH do for males?

A

stimulates the Leydig cells of the testes to produce testosterone

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10
Q

what does testosterone do for males?

A

promotes the development of sperm and helps regulate the spermatogenesis process

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11
Q

what is the process that creates eggs (gametes)?

A

oogenesis

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12
Q

what does GnRH do for females?

A

stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release FSH and LH in a pulsite manner

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13
Q

what does FSH do for females?

A

stimulates growth of follicles and granulosa cells (responsible for estrogen)

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14
Q

what does LH do for females?

A

a surge causes a mature follicle to rupture and release a secondary oocyte into the fallopian tube (ovulation)

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15
Q

what does estrogen do for females?

A

helps regulate follicle growth and thickening of the endometrial lining. triggers LH when increased

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16
Q

what does progesterone do for females?

A

prepares endometrium lining for implantation

17
Q

what does inhibin do for females?

A

provides negative feedback to pituitary gland to suppress the production of FSH

18
Q

what does HCG do for pregnancy?

A

maintains the corpus luteum which releases hormones to help support the pregnancy

19
Q

what does progesterone do for pregnancy?

A

maintains endometrium & prevents contractions

20
Q

what does estrogen do for pregnancy?

A

helps stimulate uterus growth, improve blood flow to placenta, & prepares breasts for lactation

21
Q

what does HPL do for pregnancy?

A

regulates maternal metabolism to ensure sufficient nutrients for the fetus + supports lactation

22
Q

what does oxytocin do for pregnancy?

A

stimulates uterine contractions

23
Q

what is the acrosome reaction?

A

when the acrosome of a sperm breaks down the zona pellucida of the egg?

24
Q
A

IB Biology HL (1 decks)

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