Reproduction Anatomy Female 2

Question 1

How do Embryos attain nutrients and excrete waste in early gestation?

Answer 1

Waste is excreted via diffusion into surrounding fluid. Nutrients are also attained this way and the uterine glands produce uterine milk (mucus lipids, glycogen and proteins)

Question 2

Describe the placenta

Answer 2

Combination of foetal and material tissue for exchange of materials between mother and placenta

Discreet regions of contact between chorion ans endometrium allow metabolic exchange

Question 3

Chorion

Answer 3

Foetal component

Question 4

Extraembryonic Membranes

Answer 4

Uterus
Allantoic Cavity
Amniotic Cavity

Question 5

functional unit of foetal placenta

Answer 5

Chrononic villus: Projections which interdigitate with villi on the endometrium

Question 6

What are
chorion
Allantois
Amnion

Answer 6

Chorion: outer most egg sac
Allantois: Surrounds amnion
Amnion: surrounds embryo and protects

Question 7

Describe placentation

Answer 7

Brings maternal and foetal blood close together but keeps them separated (no direct contact).

Question 8

Describe the umbilical cord function

Answer 8

Blood vessels enter and leave foetus.
Has a amnion covered surface
2 arteries and 1-2 veins
Connects foetus to chorioalllantois

Question 9

Placental types and species

Answer 9

Typed by distribution of chorionic villi on surface
Diffuse: horse, pig
Cotyledonary: Ewe, cow
Zonary single: dog, cat
Discoid: monkey,man, rodent

Question 10

Characteristic of ruminant placenta?

Answer 10

Uterine caruncles: round elevations on the endometerial surface

Question 11

In Cotyledonary placenta a Placentome is?

Answer 11

Caruncle (maternal) + Cotyledon (foetal) = Placentome (embryonic membrane (cotyldon) interdigitating with caruncle.

Question 12

Cotyledonary placenta, the foetal membrane fills both horns t/f?

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Zonary Placenta

Answer 13

Found in carnivores
Attachment along central band of embryo
Maternal epithelial and CT layers destroyed during implantation (green = bitch brown =queen)

Question 14

Diffuse Placenta

Answer 14

Chorinic Villi

Areolae (Circular spaces between chrionic surface and endometrium into which milk is released)

Attachment of endometrium occurs over most of the chorioallantois

Has microcotyledons and crypts to increase SA of maternal/foetal interactions

Question 15

Areolae

Answer 15

Shallow cup like indentations in the chorion.

Circular spaces between chrionic surface and endometrium into which milk is released

Question 16

Describe Mammary glands

Answer 16

Modified sweat glands which develop as mammory buds. They can be located in the thorax, abdomen or groin depending on species.

Question 17

Tissue and functions of mammory glands

Answer 17

Consists of glandular tissue with fatty infiltrates.
Fibrous tissue network network
Nourish offspring and deliver antibodies to newborns

Question 18

Mammory structure

Answer 18

Each gland has a branching duct system
Glandular tissue divided into lobules by CT
Lobules consist of 200 alveoli, the functional unit

Question 19

Describe passage of milk in the mammary gland

Answer 19

Glandular cells (lining of alveoli secret milk) > Intralobular ducts (ducts with lobules) > Interlobular ducts (ducts draining the lobules) > Lactiferous sinus) > Papilary duct > Teat orifice

Question 20

Two parts of the Lacttiferous Sinus?

Answer 20

Gland Sinus and Teat sinus

Question 21

Suspensory Apparatus

Answer 21

Large muscle that supports the udder