Reproduction Flashcards
the process of forming a new individual; it is one of the characteristics of all living things
reproduction
egg and sperm cells
gametes
the process during which the chromosome number is halved in order to produce gametes
meiosis
the first cell of a new organism (after reproductive cells have joined)
zygote
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
23 pairs (46 total)
type of pollination in which the egg is fertilized by the pollen of the same flower
self-pollination
type of pollination in which the egg is fertilized by pollen from another flower
cross-pollination
form(s) of pollination that are examples of sexual reproduction
Both self-pollination and cross-pollination are considered sexual reproduction because they involve the joining of male and female gametes.
the process of forming a new individual from a single parent
asexual reproduction
advantages of asexual reproduction
- quick
- does not require finding a mate
disadvantage of asexual reproduction
Offspring do not get a new mix of traits; they are exact duplicates of the parent. This can be a problem if the parent has a gene that causes disease.
How do bacteria reproduce asexually?
binary fission
What is it called when an organism is cut in half and each half grows into a new organism?
It is a type of asexual reproduction called regeneration (or fragmentation).
What is it called when an unfertilized egg grows into a new organism with half the amount of genetic material as the parent?
It is a type of asexual reproduction called parthenogenesis.
What are two organisms discussed in class that can reproduce by parthenogenesis?
honeybees and lizards
