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GCSE BIOLOGY UNIT 2 > Reproduction > Flashcards

Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

Why do sperm cells have lots of mitochondria?

A

For energy production.

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2
Q

What is the scientific name to describe a sperm cell’s tail?

A

Flagellum.

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3
Q

What is the function of the testes?

A

Produces sperm.

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4
Q

What is the function of the scrotum?

A

The sac that holds and protects the testes at a low temperature,

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5
Q

What is the function of the sperm tube?

A

Carries sperm from the testes to the urethra.

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6
Q

What is the function of the penis?

A

The organ that introduces sperm into the vagina.

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7
Q

What is the function of the prostate gland?

A

Adds fluid to sperm to allow sperm to flourish.

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8
Q

What is the function of the urethra?

A

The tube through which sperm leaves the penis.

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9
Q

What is the function of the ovary?

A

Produces ova/eggs.

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10
Q

What is the function of the oviduct?

A

Fertilisation happens here. Carries the egg to the uterus.

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11
Q

What is the function of the uterus?

A

Nourishes developing foetus if pregnancy results.

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12
Q

What is the function of the cervix?

A

The opening of the uterus which widens during birth.

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13
Q

What is the function of the vagina?

A

The place where sperm enters during sexual intercourse.

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14
Q

What is the name given to an egg or sperm celll with 23 chromosomes?

A

A gamete or a haploid egg or haploid sperm.

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15
Q

When a sperm cell and an egg cell during fertilisation, what is this called?

A

A zygote (46 chromosones) or a diploid.

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16
Q

What is a hormone?

A

A chemical messenger that travels through the blood to a target organ.

17
Q

What is the name of the male sex hormone, where is it produced?

A

Testosterone and is produced in the testes.

18
Q

What is the name of the female sex hormone, where is it produced?

A

Oestrogen and is produced in the ovaries.

19
Q

What do the male and female sex hormones control?

A

The development of secondary sexual characteristics.

20
Q

What are the main secondary sexual characteristics in males?

A

-The voice deepens
-The body becomes more muscular

21
Q

What are the main secondary sexual characteristics in females?

A

-Breasts develop
-The pelvis and hips widen
-Menstruation begins

22
Q

What are the main secondary sexual characteristics in both males and females?

A

-Body hair and public hair develops
-Sexual awareness and drive increases
-Sexual organs enlarge

23
Q

What is the definition of fertilisation?

A

When a sperm and an egg meet in the oviduct; fertilisation takes place. The haploid nucleus of the egg fuses with the haploid nucleus of the sperm to restore the diploid number of chromosomes.

GCSE BIOLOGY UNIT 2 (4 decks)

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