Reproduction Flashcards
Why do sperm cells have lots of mitochondria?
For energy production.
What is the scientific name to describe a sperm cell’s tail?
Flagellum.
What is the function of the testes?
Produces sperm.
What is the function of the scrotum?
The sac that holds and protects the testes at a low temperature,
What is the function of the sperm tube?
Carries sperm from the testes to the urethra.
What is the function of the penis?
The organ that introduces sperm into the vagina.
What is the function of the prostate gland?
Adds fluid to sperm to allow sperm to flourish.
What is the function of the urethra?
The tube through which sperm leaves the penis.
What is the function of the ovary?
Produces ova/eggs.
What is the function of the oviduct?
Fertilisation happens here. Carries the egg to the uterus.
What is the function of the uterus?
Nourishes developing foetus if pregnancy results.
What is the function of the cervix?
The opening of the uterus which widens during birth.
What is the function of the vagina?
The place where sperm enters during sexual intercourse.
What is the name given to an egg or sperm celll with 23 chromosomes?
A gamete or a haploid egg or haploid sperm.
When a sperm cell and an egg cell during fertilisation, what is this called?
A zygote (46 chromosones) or a diploid.
What is a hormone?
A chemical messenger that travels through the blood to a target organ.
What is the name of the male sex hormone, where is it produced?
Testosterone and is produced in the testes.
What is the name of the female sex hormone, where is it produced?
Oestrogen and is produced in the ovaries.
What do the male and female sex hormones control?
The development of secondary sexual characteristics.
What are the main secondary sexual characteristics in males?
-The voice deepens
-The body becomes more muscular
What are the main secondary sexual characteristics in females?
-Breasts develop
-The pelvis and hips widen
-Menstruation begins
What are the main secondary sexual characteristics in both males and females?
-Body hair and public hair develops
-Sexual awareness and drive increases
-Sexual organs enlarge
What is the definition of fertilisation?
When a sperm and an egg meet in the oviduct; fertilisation takes place. The haploid nucleus of the egg fuses with the haploid nucleus of the sperm to restore the diploid number of chromosomes.
