Reproduction Flashcards
Ovaries
Store and release eggs
The Fallopian tubes
The Fallopian tubes carry the egg to the uterus,fertilisation occurs here
Uterus
The uterus ( womb ) is where the fertilised egg becomes implanted and finds nourishment
Cervix
The cervix leads from the vagina to the uterus
Vagina
The vagina holds the male penis during sexual intercourse
Ovulation
Ovulation an egg is released from the ovary an average of very 28 days
The egg
The egg is released on day 13 - 15 of the menstrual cycle and it passes along the Fallopian tube to the uterus
Menstruation/period
Menstruation/period the lining a small amount of blood pass out through the vagina ( day 1-5)
Fertile period
Fertile period these are the days of the menstrual cycle when the woman is most likely to become pregnant
Menopause
Menopause signals the end of a female’s ability to reproduce and also the end of her menstrual cycle.it happens at different ages for different people,typically in the late 40’s to early 50’s.
Testes
The testes produce sperm
Scrotum
The scrotum is where the testes are,it is located outside the body to ensure the temperature is lower than body temperature for healthy sperm
Epididymis
The epididymis is coiled tube on the outside of each testes that stores sperm and allows them to mature fully
Vas deferens
The vas deferens (sperm duct) brings the sperm from the testes to the penis
Seminal vesicles
The seminal vesicles,prostate gland and Cowpers’s gland produce seminal fluid which mixes with the sperm to form semen,it nourishes the sperm and allow them to swim.
Penis
The penis enters the female and ejaculates semen
Puberty
Puberty describes when the body starts becoming sexually mature ( reproductive organs develop). It normally happens between the ages 10 and 16
Male puberty
Male puberty in males,sex hormones (testosterone) are released causing the voice to deepen,hair grows around the sex organs,face,chest and underarms,the testes and penis grow bigger and start to produce sperm.
Female puberty
Female puberty in females when the sex hormones (oestrogen and progesterone) are released the breasts develop,hips,widen and hair begins to grow on the body
During the intercourse the man’s
During the intercourse the man’s penis fills whit blood and becomes hard enough to be placed inside the woman’s vagina
Semen
Semen a mixture of sperm cells and seminal fluid is released into the vagina during intercourse
The sperm swim
The sperm swim up the uterus and into the Fallopian tubes
Fertilisation
Fertilisation if an egg is present in the Fallopian tube,and a couple have sexual intercourse,then one of the sperm cells may fuse whit it
Fertilised egg
Fertilised egg the nuclei of the sperm and egg fuse together.the woman is now pregnant
Zygote
Eggs and sperm fuse to form a single zygote
Embryo
cell division occurs and growth
Foetus
Which attaches to the lining of the uterus ( implantation) grows more,and after 8 weeks looks like a human
Implantation
Implantation when the embryo attaches to the lining of the uterus
Length of pregnancy
Length of pregnancy the average length of a human pregnancy is 40 weeks
Amniotic fluid
Amniotic fluid. As the embryo develops in the uterus it is protected inside a bag of fluid.this fluid provides a cushion for the embryo
Umbilical cord
Umbilical cord a tube joining the embryo to the placenta
The placenta
The placenta is rich in blood vessels
Labour
Labour the birth of a baby begins when the uterus muscles start to contract
Waters break
Waters break the bag of amniotic fluid bursts and further contractions push the baby out usually head first ,through the vagina
After birth
Afterbirth the umbilical cord is cut and the placenta (afterbirth) comes out after
Lactation
Lactation the production of breast milk
Colostrum
Colostrum the first three days of milk - very nutritious,and helps protect the baby from infection
Family planning
Family planning to control the number of children you have you need to control the number of times fertilisation takes place
Natural methods of contraception
Natural methods of contraception aim to detect the day ovulation takes place and avoid intercourse during the fertile period
Artificial methods of contraception
Artificial methods of contraception prevent the sperm and egg meeting
Condom
Condom prevents sperm entering the vagina
Reliability of contraception
Reliability of contraception it is important to realise no method is 100% reliable
Contraception pill
Contraception pill which prevents ovulation
