Reproduction

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

The genetic material in the cells.

Question 2

Chromosomes

Answer 2

Chromatin compacted into visible structures.

Question 3

Cell cycle

Answer 3

The life cycle of a eukaryotic cell.

Question 4

Interphase

Answer 4

The part of the cell cycle where the cell is not dividing.

Question 5

Mitosis

Answer 5

Part of the cell cycle where the nucleus divides.

Question 6

Do prokaryotes undergo or go through the process mitosis.

Answer 6

No, prokaryotic cells do not go through mitosis.

Question 7

Cytokinesis

Answer 7

The division of the parent cell’s cytoplasm.

Question 8

In what stage does a cell spend most of it times?

Answer 8

A cell spends most of its time in the interphase stage.

Question 9

What happens during the prophase stage of mitosis?

Answer 9

The chromatin in the nucleus of a cell condenses and is visible under the microscope and the membrane around the nucleus breaks down.

Question 10

In the prophase stage, what does the chromosomes consist of?

Answer 10

Each chromosome has two chromatids that are held together by a centromere.

Question 11

What happens during the metaphase stage of mitosis?

Answer 11

Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell with the centromeres being the same distance from each side of the cell.

Question 12

What happens during the anaphase stage of mitosis?

Answer 12

The chromatids separate and are pulled to opposite sides of the cell, with both sides of the cell having a complete set of chromosomes.

Question 13

What happens during the telophase stage of mitosis?

Answer 13

During this last phase of mitosis, a new nuclear membrane forms around each group of chromosomes.

Question 14

What happens after mitosis?

Answer 14

After mitosis, cytokinesis results in two new cells and both new cells start the cycle again.

Question 15

Homologous chromosomes

Answer 15

Chromosomes that are found in pairs that have the same structure and size.

Question 16

Sex chromosomes

Answer 16

Chromosomes that control the development of sexual characteristics.

Question 17

Diploid

Answer 17

Cells with a pair of every chromosome.

Question 18

Gametes

Answer 18

Sex cells

Question 19

Haploid

Answer 19

Cells that contain half the number of chromosomes

Question 20

Meiosis

Answer 20

A type of cell division that produces haploid sex cells

Question 21

Chromatid

Answer 21

Each half of a duplicated chromosome

Question 22

Centromeres

Answer 22

What chromatids are connected to each other by

Question 23

Asexual reproduction

Answer 23

When one organism produces one or more organism that is identical to itself

Question 24

Mitiosis

Answer 24

A type of cell division that produces genetically identical cells

Question 25

Binary Fission

Answer 25

The form of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes where the parent organism splits in two, producing two new cells

Question 26

Budding

Answer 26

When an organism develops tiny buds on it's body that grow until it forms a new full size organism

Question 27

Spores

Answer 27

A specialized cell that can survive harsh conditions that can be formed by prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Question 28

Vegetative Reproduction

Answer 28

When new plants can grow from stems, roots or leaves

Question 29

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 29

When two parents each contribute a sex cell to a new organism

Question 30

Fertilization

Answer 30

when a sperm cell and an egg cell join together

Question 31

Zygote

Answer 31

The new cell produced after fertilization

Question 32

During meiosis I, what happens during Prophase I ?

Answer 32

The chromosomes are copied before meiosis starts. Each duplicated chromosome has two chromatids, pair up.

Question 33

During meiosis I, what happens during metaphase I ?

Answer 33

After the nuclear membrane breaks down, the chromosome pairs line up in the middle of the cell.

Question 34

During meiosis I, What happens during anaphase I ?

Answer 34

The chromosomes separate from their partners, and then move to opposite ends of the cell.

Question 35

During Meiosis I, what happens during telophase I and cytokinesis?

Answer 35

The nuclear membranes re-form, and the cell divides into two cells. he chromatids are still joined.

Question 36

During meiosis II, what happens in prophase II ?

Answer 36

The chromosomes are not copied again before meiosis II. The nuclear membrane breaks down.

Question 37

During meiosis II, what happens during metaphase II ?

Answer 37

The chromosomes line up in the middle of each cell.

Question 38

During meiosis II, What happens during anaphase II ?

Answer 38

The chromatids are pulled apart and move to opposite sides of the cell.

Question 39

During meiosis II, what happens during telophase II and cytokinesis?

Answer 39

The nuclear membranes re-form and the cells divide. Four new haploid cells are formed. Each has half the number of chromosomes.