reproduction Flashcards
smallest structure in an organism
cell
where are germ cells found
reproductive organs
what structure becomes tightly packed during cell division?
chromosones
what is a chromosone made up of
dna
interphase
chromosones replicate themselfs
telophase
2 daughter cells form
anaphase
cell elongates and chromosones move toward poles
metaphase
chromosones line in the middle
procces where chromosones line up and exchange genetics in the middle
crossing over
when meiosis 2 begins how many daughter cells are there
2
what things happpend in mitosis
body cells divide- one stage of divisiion-creates 2 diploid cells-identical to parent cell-no genetic diversity
what do meiosis and mitosis have in commen
a type of cell division- replicates DNA- creates new cells
what things happen is meiosis?
sex cells divide-2 stages-4 haploid cells-different then parent cell- creates genetic diversity
what is a cell?
some contains nucleus but all contain genetic material for reproduction
what is DNA?
deoxyribonucleic acid- hereditary material found in almost all living things
chromosones
made up of 23 pairs of chromosones- contain DNA
nucleus
controls functions of the cell and reproduction- inside there is chromosomes which hold DNA
Binary fission
fully grown parent cell splits into 2 halves
fragmentation
body of parent breaks into a peice and creates a new organism
budding
offspring grows out of body of an organism
vegitative reproduction
new organisms arise with spore of seed
gamete
sex cells formed by meiosis
zygote
as a sperm enters during fertilazation, the two fuse to for zygote. with 23 chromosomes and 46 total
mutation
change in the DNA system and causes changes in an organism - appearance how its grows etc
sickle cell anemia
disorder that breaks down red blood cells
wingless fruit fly
genes responsible for wing formation to be mutated.
