reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

How do bacteria reproduce?

A

asexually

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2
Q

What is the method of reproduction for bacteria called?

A

Binary fission

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3
Q

Explain how bacteria reproduce in steps

A
  1. When a bacterial cell gets to a certain size the DNA strand copies itself. There are now two identical strands of DNA.
  2. The cell elongates with a strand of DNA attached to each end.
  3. The cell splits into two similar-sized cells.
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4
Q

Are the offspring of bacteria genetically identical?

A

They are genetically identical

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5
Q

How do bacteria evolve so quickly?

A

They evolve very fast due to the speed at which new mutations can spread within the rapidly growing bacteria.

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6
Q

What does the short life cycle of bacteria mean?

A

the short life cycles of bacteria mean that any new variation produced by a mutation can be passed on very quickly to a large number of bacteria.

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7
Q

how do bacteria evolve resistance to new antibiotics.

A

Since they have a short life cycle, mutations spread quickly within the rapidly growing bacteria.

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8
Q

How do bacteria withstand harsh conditions?

A

Some bacteria can withstand harsh and unfavourable conditions by producing endospores.

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9
Q

When do endospores form?

A

Endospores form when the bacterial chromosome replicates, with one of the new strands becoming enclosed by a tough-walled endospore formed inside the parent cell.
The parent cell then breaks down and the endospore can remain dormant for a long time.

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10
Q

What happens when conditions become suitable for endospores?

A

The endospore absorbs water and the tough wall breaks down. The chromosome is copied and a normal bacterium forms again. This bacterium can then reproduce by binary fission.

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11
Q

Why are endospores difficult to kill?

A

They can withstand lack of food and water, high temperatures and most poisons. They are normally not even killed by boiling water.

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