repro book 1

Question 1

define true pelvis?

Answer 1

inferior pelvis - surrounded by pubis and coxal bones plus ilium & sacrum

Question 2

false pelvis?

Answer 2

superior - upper protion of sacrum and iliac fossa

Question 3

type of joint - sacroiliac joint?

Answer 3

synovial plane

Question 4

type of joint - pubic symphysis?

Answer 4

2y cartilaginous

Question 5

M vs. F - pelvis major?

Answer 5

M - deep

F - shallow

Question 6

M vs. F - pelvis minor?

Answer 6

M - narrow and deep

F - wide and shallow

Question 7

M vs. F - pelvic inlet?

Answer 7

M - heart shaped

F - oval

Question 8

M vs. F - pelvic outlet?

Answer 8

M - smaller

F - rounder and larger

Question 9

M vs. F - subrapubic angle?

Answer 9

M - acute

F - obtuse

Question 10

Female pelvis - what is the narrowest diameter of pelvic inlet?

Answer 10

11cm wide

Question 11

female pelvis - narrowest diameter of pelvis outlet?

Answer 11

11cm

Question 12

muscle present in posterior wall of pelvis?

Answer 12

piriformis m.

Question 13

which nerve network lies on the muscle forming the posterior wall of pelvis?

Answer 13

sacral plexus

Question 14

define perineal body?

Answer 14

an irregular fibromuscular mass, located at the junction of the urogenital and anal triangles

Question 15

define anococcygeal body?

Answer 15

fibrous median raphe in the floor of the pelvis, which extends between the coccyx and the margin of the anus

Question 16

which 2 muscles make up the majority of the pelvic floor?

Answer 16

coccygeus and levator ani

Question 17

what are the 3 paired muscles making up the levator ani muscle?

Answer 17

puborectalis, pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus

Question 18

give 2 functions of pelvic floor?

Answer 18

urinary/ faecal continence

support of abdominopelvic viscera

Question 19

innervation of pelvic floor?

Answer 19

ant rami of S4 and branches of pudendal nerve (S2,3,4)

Question 20

define cystocele?

Answer 20

part of the bladder wall bulges into the vagina, can cause pain during sex, bladder infections, discomfort, leaks

Question 21

define rectocele?

Answer 21

part of the wall of the rectum bulges into the vagina, can cause similar issues as cystocele

Question 22

how does an episiotomy minimise long term damage of pelvic floor injuries?

Answer 22

promotes easier and faster healing by preserving the muscular and connective tissue

Question 23

what is preferred - mediolateral/ midline episiotomy? Why?

Answer 23

mediolateral - less risk of anal tearing

Question 24

name 3 structures which can be felt on DRE? (regardless of patient’s sex)

Answer 24

prostate/ uterus/ ovaries