REPRO Flashcards
aromatase
Androstenedioine –> estradiol (oestrogen)
LH binding to receptor on theca cells
cholesterol –> androstenedione (androgens)
FSH
drives granulosa cells to produce oestrogens from androgens
LH
stimulates theca cells to produce androgens + progesterone
Granulosa cells:
secrete acellular layer basal lamina (BL)
Theca cells:
synthesise androstenedione – substrate
for estradiol production by granulosa
Leydig cells:
Convert cholesterol to androgens so synthesise testosterone, don’t express SRY
AMH:
inhibits Mullerian ducts, via apoptosis of Mullerian ducts – regresses
Sertoli cells:
produce AMH aka MIF/MIS (Mullerian inhibitory factor/Mullerian inhibitory substance)
5 α-reductase:
in penis skin, converts testosterone → potent androgen DHT (dihydrotestosterone)
DHT:
uses T receptor, causes differentiation of male external genitalia
o Clitoris enlarges into penis
o Labia fuse + become ruggated = scrotum
o Prostate forms
layers of smooth muscle in myometrium
Outer: longitudinal
Middle: spiral figure of eight
Inner: circular
role of myometrium in uterus?
Contract in order to propel contents from uterus to cervix
Act as natural ligagure to prevent blood loss Contract in 3 ways to propel contents
How does progesterone affect contractions of the myometrium?
Inhibits contraction
How does oestrogen affect contractions of the myometrium?
Increases contraction
What innervates the myometrium?
SNS nerves
sexual differentiation
Continuous process in which internal and external genitalia develop as either male or female
‘gonadal sex’?
Internal genitalia
SRY gene
gene for transcription factor
on Y chromosome forms testis
