Repro Flashcards
Infertility
Have sex 2-3 a week Don't do ovulation kits Alcohol <4 units/day Decrease smoking BMI <30 Don't keep testes too hot (avoid tight fitting underwear and saunas) Avoid exposure to chemicals
Candida
Topical clotrimazole
Oral fluconazole
Bacterial vaginosis
Metronidazole
OR
Clindamycin cream
Clamydia
Doxycycline 100mg 7 days
Gonorrhoea
IM ceftriaxone
2nd line cefixime 400mg oral
LGV
Doxycycline ( 3 week course)
Acute bacterial prostatitis
Ciprofloxacin 28 days
Syphillis
Penicillin
If early- 2.4 MU x 1
If late- 2.4 MU x3
Genital herpes
Acyclovir
Lidocaine
Salien bathing
Genital warts
Podophyllin(Warticon) - Cytotoxic
Imiquoid-Immune modifier
Cryotherapy
Electrocautery
Trichomonas vaginalis
Oral metronidazole
Pubic lice
Mathalion lotion
HIV
HAART
- Tenofovir ( NRTI)
- Emtricitabine (NRTI)
- Efavirenz (NNRTI)
Pneumocystis pneumonia
High dose co-trimoxazole (+/- steroid)
Prophylaxis- Low dose co-trimoxazole
Kaposi’s sarcoma
HAART
Local therapies
Systemic chemo
Cervical cancer
Serology every 3 years (rather than yearly)
Baby blues
Support and reassurance
Postnatal depression
Mild-moderate –> Self-help, counselling
Moderate-Severe –> Psychotherapy, Antidepression
Puerperal psychosis
Emergency Admission to specialised mother-baby unit Antidepressants Antipsychotics Mood stabilizers ECT
Antidepressants when pregnant or breastfeeding
Sertraline
Benzos in pregnancy/breastfeeding
AVOID
Antipsychotics in the baby times
Typicals e.g. Haloperidol
Watch for sedation/lethargy when breastfeeding
Sodium valproate in pregnancy and breastfeeding
AVOID in pregnancy
GRAND in breastfeeding
Medical TOP
Oral Mifepristone 200mg
24-48h later oral/vaginal Misoprostol
Pre-existing hypertension and pregnancy
Labetalol, Methyldopa
Nifedipine–> If mother has severe asthma, uncontrolled by oral steroids
Risk of PET
75mg aspirin
When do you admit for PET
BP >170/110 or >140/90 with ++ proteinuria
Eclampsia
Vasodilatory - IV labetalol, hydralazine
Magnesium sulfate
If repeated seizure then diazepam 10mg
Manage 3rd stage with oxytocin
Magnesium sulphate toxicity
Calcium gluconate
Asthma
SABA
Inhaled Steroids
LABA
Consider leukotriene or inhaled steroids
NSAIDs in RA
In 1st/2nd
NOT IN 3rd
aPL
From conception with aspirin 75mg
Heparin from when fetal heart identified
Postpartum heparin or warfarin
Epilepsy
Antiepileptics
Folic acid 5mg
Profuse bleeding
Ergometrine 0.5mg IM
Ectopic preganancy
Laproscopy
Methotrexate IM as a single dose
Symptomatic placenta praaevia or a LLP for 48h
Tocolysis
Vasa praevia
Steroids from 32wks
Consider inpatient management if risk of preterm birth (32-34wks)
Elective c-section before labour
Ruptured vasa praevia
Emergency c-section delivery
neonatal resus
Active management of third stage
Use oxytocin drugs + controlled cord traction
Prophylactic management of syntometrine 1ml or oxytocin 10 units
Epidural
Levobupivacaine +- Opiate
Fetal distress
Change maternal position IV fluids Stop syntocinon Scalp stimulation Consider tocolysis-Terbutaline
Pregestational diabetes
38wks delivery
Avoid getting pregnant if HBA1c is 86mmol or more
PPHN
Ventilation Oxygen NO Sedation Inotropes ECLS
Jaundice
Phototherapy (Blue light, 420-470nm)
Adequate hydration
Nacrotizing enterocolitis
Stop oral feeding
Barrier nurse
Culture faeces
Cefotaxime + Vancomycin
Haemorrhagic disease of the newborn
Vit K
Menopause-conservative
Diet, Wt loss, exercise, lifestyle, caffeine
Menopause- w/o uterus
Oestrogen alone
Menopause- w uterus
Oestrogen and progesterone
Non-HRT treatment for menopause
Clonidine
Vaginal atrophy
Vaginal oestrogen
Conservative Incontinence
Caffeine, alcohol, fluid, wt loss
SUI- Stop smoking
OAB- Reduce alcohol and caffeine
Pelvic floor exercised and bladder retraining
Stress incontinence drugs
Oxybutynin (antimuscarinic)
Overactive bladder drugs
Mirabegron (B3 agonist)
nocturne in incontinence
+ Desmopressin
Pelvic floor dysfunction
Healthy BMI Avoid constipation Smoking cessation Avoid heavy lifting Caffeine reduction gradually Drink plenty Never go to the toilet "just in case"
Fibroadenoma
Diagnose
Reassure
Exercise (better to do open)
Mastalgia
Evening primrose oil
Tamoxifen
Topical NSAIDs
Cysts
FNA
Breast abscess
Aspiration using LA
Duct ectasia
Treat acute infections
Exclude maliganancy
Stop smoking
Nonpeurperal mastitis
Augmentin or Cephalexin for 7 days
Periductal mastitis
Co-amoxiclav
Galactocele
FNA
Mondor’s disease
Usually resolves spontaneously in 8-12wks
Phyllodes tumour
Excised with wise (1cm), clear, surgical margins, and carefully followed up
Breast cancer impalpable
Wire inserted and take mammographs
Metastatic breast cancer
Bevacizumab
Hot flushes with Tamoxifen/AI
Clonidine
Suspected ovarian carcinoma
Open surgery (laparotomy)
Benign ovary thing
Laparascopically
Ovarian tumours
Surgery and chemotherapy
If epithelial then use CARBOPLATIN
Cervical cancer
Surgery
- LLETZ up to 1A1
- Cone biopsy up to 1A2
- Trachelectomy up to 2B
Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy
Cervical polyps
Young women- avulsed
Older women- Avulsion + TVS +- hysteroscopy
Endometrial cancer
TAH with BSO and peritoneal washings
Radio + Chemo
Leimyoma
Traditionally hysterectomy
UAE, Hysterscopic resection