REPRESENTATIVE DISEASES AND DISORDERS: Digestive System Flashcards
Lesions in the lining of the stomach or duodenum, usually due to infection by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori; stress,
diet, smoking, or alcohol may be predisposing factor
Peptic ulcer
Characterized by damage to and death of hepatic cells and replacement by connective tissue
Cirrhosis (sir-o¯′sis)
inflammation of the liver that causes liver cell death and replacement by scar tissue
Hepatitis (hep-a˘-ti′tis) I
Infectious hepatitis; usually transmitted by poor sanitation practices or from mollusks living in contaminated waters
Hepatitis A
Serum hepatitis; usually transmitted through blood or other body fluids through either sexual contact or contaminated
hypodermic needles
Hepatitis B
Often a chronic disease leading to cirrhosis and possibly cancer of the liver
Hepatitis C
Localized inflammatory degeneration that may occur anywhere along the digestive tract but most commonly involves
the distal ileum and proximal colon
Inflammatory bowel
disease (IBD)
Disorder of unknown cause marked by alternating bouts of constipation and diarrhea; may be linked to stress or
depression; high familial incidence
Irritable bowel syndrome
(IBS)
Malabsorption in the small intestine due to the effects of gluten, a protein in certain grains, es
Gluten enteropathy
(celiac disease)
Slow movement of feces through the large intestine, causing the feces to become dry and hard because of increased fluid
absorption while being retained
Constipation
Caused by ingesting bacteria or toxins, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, or Escherichia coli
Food poisoning
Caused by a protozoan, Giardia lamblia, that invades the intestine; symptoms include nausea, abdominal cramps,
weakness, weight loss, and malaise;
Giardiasis
Common under conditions of poor sanitation; parasites include tapeworms, pinworms, hookworms, and roundworms
Intestinal parasites
Severe form of diarrhea with blood or mucus in the feces; can be caused by bacteria, protozoa, or amoebae
Dysentery
