Renewal and Choice

Question 1

Heelas and Woodhead
(Study)

Answer 1

Did a study in Cumbria, traditional religion has declined and how far growth of spirituality is compensating for it.
Distinguishes two groups:
- Congregational domain = traditional and evangelical Christianity
- Hollistic Milieu = spirituality and New Age
. In 2000 typical week = 7.9% attended church and 1.6% in activities of hollistic milieu

Question 2

Heelas and Woodhead
(Explanations)

Answer 2

3 explanations for holistic milieu growing:
- New Age Spirituality from massive subject turn in today’s society
- Traditional religions demand duties and obedience
- Evangelical churches more successful - demand discipline but emphasise spiritual healing

Question 3

Bruce
(Weakness of the New Age)

Answer 3

Makes following points:
- Problem of scale = new age needs to be on much larger scale
- Socialisation of Next Gen = needs to be passed on
- Structural weakness = idea of no higher authority

Question 4

Glendinning and Bruce
(Weakness of the New Age)

Answer 4

Although many dabbled in meditation, serious commitment to the holistic milieu was very rare

Question 5

Norris and Inglehart

Answer 5

Reject religious market theory as only applies to USA

Question 6

Gill and Lundergaarde

Answer 6

State Welfare and Religiousity
. More state spends on welfare, lower the level of religious participation

Question 7

Vasque

Answer 7

2 criticisms of Norris and Inglehart
- only use quantitative data