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Scan Lab > Renal Vasculature > Flashcards

Renal Vasculature Flashcards

1
Q

Flow-reducing renal artery stenosis has a peak systolic velocity of…

A

Greater than 180 cm/s

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2
Q

What signifies a flow-limiting renal artery stenosis (>60% diameter-reducing) ?

A

A peak systolic velocity > 180cm/s AND A poststenotic signal

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3
Q

True/False
The presence of disease in the contralateral renal artery will have NO effect on the waveform characteristics of a renal artery stenosis.

A

True

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4
Q

In cases of renal vein thrombosis, the Doppler spectral waveform exhibits what kind of flow?

A

reverse, blunted, diastolic flow.

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5
Q

Increased venous pressure results in…

A

Reversed, delayed, diastolic outflow.

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6
Q

Renal artery stenosis exceeding 80% diameter-reduction results in a…

A

large pressure-flow gradient distal to the lesion.

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7
Q

Doppler signals recorded distal to a thrombosed segment of a renal vein indicate the likelihood of:

A

Recanalization

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8
Q

Restoration of flow distal to obstructed segments is usually accomplished via…

A

Recanalization of collateralization

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9
Q

To visualize the mid-to-distal segment of the renal arteries and the kidneys, what patient should the patient be in?

A

Prone, LLD or RLD

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10
Q

What should be used to identify the accessory renal arteries?

A

Large Doppler sample volume

(for the low resistance signal)

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11
Q

What can be used to improve the examination of stented renal arteries?

A

Harmonics imaging

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12
Q

Harmonic imaging is used to improve _________

A

Resolution & conspicuity of lesions

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13
Q

What can be used to decrease artifact?

A

Harmonic imaging

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14
Q

Name the four segments of the kidney:

A

Hilum, Sinus, Medullar, and cortex

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15
Q

When a high-grade renal artery stenosis is present (exceeding 80%), the waveform distal to the lesion will have what kind of peak/rise time?

A

Delayed systolic peak

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16
Q

The renal-aortic velocity ratio (RAR) should not be used as the primary diagnostic criterion when he patients proximal aortic velocity is:

A

30 cm/s

17
Q

The kidney is a (blank) resistance organ

A

Low resistance

18
Q

Diastolic flow in the renal artery normally moves…

A

Forward

19
Q

What is used to acquire the Doppler waveform from the distal renal artery and its segmental branches?

(Is a component of the indirect renal hilar duplex examination.)

A

A 0-degree angle of insonation

20
Q

A poststenotic signal signifies the presence of a…

A

pressure-flow gradient

21
Q

What is associated with flow at the site of renal artery stenosis, but not usually with tortuousity of the renal artery?

A

Poststenotic turbulence

22
Q

What transducer would be the best choice for performing a renal duplex examination in an adult patient?

A
  1. To 5 MHz curved array
23
Q

What would best improve the accuracy of measuring kidney length?

A

Averaging three separate measurements

24
Q

Approximately 9% of patients presenting for real duplex evaluation will have an:

A

Bifid Left Renal Vein

25
Q

What is the most common cause of renal artery stenosis?

A

Atherosclerosis (75% of cases)

(Followed by fibromuscular displasia)

26
Q

What does PSV stand for?

A

Peak systolic velocity

27
Q

What does RAR stand for?

A

Renal-aortic velocity ratio.

28
Q

Diagnosis of the renal artery stenosis is based on…

A

PSV & RAR

29
Q

How is the RAR calculated and at what level?

A

By dividing the highest renal artery PSV to the aortic PSV at the level of the mesenteric arteries.

(Example: PSV of aorta is 100cm/sec, PSV of prox renal artery is 500 cm/sec. The RAR would then be estimated at 5.0)

30
Q

The right and left renal arteries arise from the…

A

Aorta

31
Q

The right and left renal arteries supply the…

A

Bilateral kidneys

32
Q

The right and left renal arteries are seen immediately distal to the…

A

Superior mesenteric artery

33
Q

What is unexplained hypertension a common symptom of?

A

Fibromuscular dysplasia

34
Q

Fibromuscular dysplasia most commonly occurs in…

A

Women 25-50 y/o

35
Q

What disease appears as segmental concentric narrowing and dilation (string of beads) with alternating regions of forward and revered flow?

A

Fibromuscular dysplasia

36
Q

I’m

A

Scan Lab (2 decks)

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