Renal & Urology

Question 1

Causative organism in epididymo-orchitis in:
* Sexually active younger adults
* Older patients with low STI risk?

Answer 1

• Chlamydia trachomatis
• E coli

Question 2

Prolonged diarrhoea will result in what VBG result?

Answer 2

Metabolic acidosis with hypokalaemia

Question 3

What should be monitored in pts with active Henoch-Schonlein purpura?

Answer 3

Blood pressure and urinalysis to detect progressive renal involvement.

Question 4

What is risk of giving o.9% sodium chloride for fluid therapy in patients requiring large volumes?

Answer 4

Hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis

i.e. normal anion gap

Question 5

Condition giving “allergic” type picture consiting usually of raised urinary WCC and esosinophils, alongside impaired renal function?

What is then triad?

Answer 5

Acute interstitial nephritis

Triad of fever, arthralgia and AKI

Question 6

How many times of upper limit of normal creatanine kinase should it be to indicate rhabdomyolysis?

Answer 6

5 times

Myoglobinuria should also be present

Question 7

What kind of ABG picture would salicylate (i.e. aspirin) posioning give?

Answer 7

Mixed respiratory alkalosis and metabolic acidosis.
Early stimulation of the respiratory centre leads to a respiratory alkalosis whilst later the direct acid effects of salicylates (combined with acute renal failure) may lead to an acidosis.

Question 8

What nephrotic syndrome is linked to malignancy?

Answer 8

Membranous nephropathy (a.k.a. membranous glomerulonephritis)