Renal System Refresher Flashcards
Normal Renal Functions? (5)
- Removal of water and wastes from the blood
- Maintains electrolyte balance
- Maintains acid-base balance
- Regulates blood pressure by renin secretion
- Stimulates production of red blood cells by erythropoietin secretion
Parts of Nephron?
Corpuscle (glomerulus) & tubule
3 stages urine is produced in?
- Glomerular filtration
- Tubular reabsorption
- Tubular secretion
What is GFR?
The rate at which the kidney’s clear waste products
What is the job of nephrons?
> 120ml per min
What are the 4 segments of the tubule?
- Proximal tubule, drains Bowman capsule; a thin looped structure
- Loop of Henle, a distal coiled portion
- Distal convoluted tubule;
- Collecting tubule
Where does filteration occur?
Renal Corpuscle or Glomerular
Large proteins & RBCs and WBCs should________
NOT be found in Urine
In which segment of the tubule is reabsorption fine-tuned?
Distal
What is the Glomerular Blood hydrostatic pressure?
Blood pressure in glomerular capillaries (55 mm Hg). It promotes filtration by forcing water and solutes through the filtration membrane.
The glomerular hydrostatic blood pressure is opposed by?
- Capsular hydrostatic pressure (15 mmHg) by fluid
- Osmotic blood colloid by protein in blood (30 mm Hg)
GFR depends on 3 factors.
- Total surface area for filtration (total number of nephrons)
- Filtration membrane permeability
- G hydrostic BP
Normal GFR depends on?
Blood flow and BP
Changes in BP either______
Increase or decrease the nephrons ability to produce filtrate
How does hypertension affect kidney function?
Impairs blood flow to the kidneys by causing hypertrophy of the afferent arterioles and reducing lumen and blood flow, and damages the endothelium which can cause atherosclerosis
Kidney receives how much of CO for what?
20 - 25% to provide enough plasma for high rates of glomerular filtration needed for regulation of body fluid volumes
What is the effect of Hypotension on the kidneys?
Lowers blood flow to kidneys
Decreased renal blood flow can result in?
oliguria - 300 to 500ml of filtrate
anuria - < 50 ml of filtrate
Decreased renal blood flow decreases the work of the
kidney and therefore also?
O2 to the kidneys, leadind to renal cell death
