Renal Stones (Nephrolithiasis and Urolithiasis)

Question 1

What is nephrolithiasis?

Answer 1

Stones w/i the renal collecting system

Question 2

What is urolithiasis?

Answer 2

Stones w/i the collecting system of the urniary tract

Question 3

What is renal colic?

Answer 3

Excruciating flank pain caused by passage of a stone into the ureter

Question 4

What are the typical types of calcium-based stones?

Answer 4

Either Ca oxalate or phosphate

Question 5

A staghorn calculus is shown. What is it and what generally causes it?

Answer 5

When infection stones fill the renal pelvis and calyces and form a cast of these spaces; Urea-splitting bacteria such as Proteus or Providencia

Question 6

What contents are found within infectious stones?

Answer 6

Magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) and calcium phosphate (apatite)

Question 7

In a patient with uric acid stones but no apparent underlying condition, what is the Dx?

Answer 7

Idiopathic urate lithiasis

Question 8

What is the difference betwixt calcium containing and pure uric acid stones?

Answer 8

Pure uric acid stones are radiolucent