Renal Soft Tissue Ocular DVT

Question 1

Gerota’s facia

Answer 1

Surrounds kidney and perinephric fat

Question 2

What view of the kidney is ideal for visualizing the collecting system?

Answer 2

Coronal plane

Question 3

The transverse view of the kidney must include…

Answer 3

The renal pelvis

Question 4

The collecting system should appear … on ultrasound.

Answer 4

Anechoic

Question 5

If collecting system of kidney is echogenic think

Answer 5

Pus, stone, blood

Question 6

What type(s) of hydronephrosis extends into the calyces?

Answer 6

Moderate and severe

Question 7

What is a urinoma?

Answer 7

Also known as parasternal pseudocyst, an encapsulated collection of extravasated urine which can cause lipolysis of the surrounding fat with resultant encapsulation of the urine

Question 8

Chronic hydronephrosis is distinguished from a more acute process by…

Answer 8

Thinning of the renal parenchyma

Question 9

Dromedary hump

Answer 9

Cortical bulge on the lateral aspect of the kidney with the same echogencity of the normal parenchyma

Question 10

Junctional fold

Answer 10

Wedge-shaped hyperechoic defect in the anterior aspect of the kidney near the junction of the upper and middle thirds

Question 11

Columns of Bertin

Answer 11

Prominent column of cortical tissue that protrudes into the renal sinus and can simulate a mass

Question 12

Twinkle artifact

Answer 12

Can aid in identifying distal ureteral stones

Question 13

Emphysematous cystitis

Answer 13

Look for dirty shadowing/ring-down in non-dependent areas

Question 14

If suspect obstructive uropathy and risk for AAA….

Answer 14

Scan aorta

Question 15

Ultrasound is used to detect …. not cellulitis.

Answer 15

Drainable fluid collections

Question 16

What must be visualized on an abscess in order to have a complete exam?

Answer 16

The base. If not seen then further evaluation required.

Question 17

What sonographic findings are consistent with abscess?

Answer 17

Swirling of internal contents and absence of color flow

Question 18

Vitreous hemorrhage on ultrasound

Answer 18

Thin echogenic band that floats freely with eye movement

Question 19

Retinal detachment on ultrasound

Answer 19

Remains attached posteriorly with eye meovement. High echogenicity. Visible with low gain, low mobility, attached to optic disc

Question 20

Posterior vitreous detachment

Answer 20

May or may not be attached to optic disc, lower echogenicity, disappears with low gain, high mobility

Question 21

Choroid also detachment on ultrasound

Answer 21

Scalloped appearance, shallow can be treated non-op vs. oppositional treated operatively

Question 22

Optic sheath nerve diameter normal diameter

Answer 22

Up to 5 mm as measured 3 mm posterior to the globe

Question 23

Anisotropy

Answer 23

Scanning tendons at any angle other than perpendicular will result in loss of the normal hyperechoic appearance

Question 24

What fills in the tendon gap in a complete tear?

Answer 24

Hemorrhage or Kager’s fat pad

Question 25

Presence of intact … at the medial aspect of the Achilles’ tendon may simulate intact Achilles’ tendon

Answer 25

Plantaris tendon

Question 26

What vessels are visualized on DVT scans?

Answer 26

Common femoral vein before and after take off of greater saphenous, superficial femoral vein, deep femoral vein, and popliteal until trifurcation. Deep femoral vein will be lost but follow the superficial femoral vein. Make sure there is no duplication.

Question 27

If vein is smaller than artery in femoral system, what should you suspect?

Answer 27

Femoral vein duplication

Question 28

The superficial femoral vein is also called…

Answer 28

Femoral vein

Question 29

Anechoic structure with curve and taper found in popliteal fossa

Answer 29

Baker’s cyst