RENAL- public health issues of chronic kidney disease

Question 1

how is CKD identified

Answer 1

blood testing for creatinine and eGFR

urine testing for blood / protein

Question 2

how many stages of kidney disease are there

Answer 2

5

Question 3

what is stage 1 kidney disease

Answer 3

eGFR >90 but haematuria/ proteinuria

Question 4

what is stage 2 kidney disease

Answer 4

eGFR 60-89 with haematuria / proteinuria

Question 5

what is stage 3 kidney disease

Answer 5

eGFR 30-59

Question 6

what is stage 4 kidney disease

Answer 6

eGFR 15-29

Question 7

what is stage 5 kidney disease

Answer 7

eGFR <15 or on dialysis

Question 8

what things define CKD

Answer 8

haemodialysis
peritoneal dialysis
kidney transplant
proteinuria
glomerular filtration rate <60

Question 9

what is primary and secondary prevention of Kidney failure

Answer 9

primary - identifying target groups

secondary - CVD and dialysis

Question 10

what are the risk factors of CKD

Answer 10

aging population, hypotension, diabetes

Question 11

what is the epidemiology of CKD

Answer 11

10 % of the population
increases with age
commoner than diabetes / heart failure

Question 12

what is the cost of renal replacement therapy

Answer 12

30 billion dollars per year in US

1 billion pounds in UK

Question 13

describe the inequality of availability of RRT / transplantation

Answer 13

RRT - UK near bottom, US at top

transplant - UK near middle / US at top