Renal Part 1

Question 0

Failure of the kidneys to develop normal size and weight.

Answer 0

renal hypoplasia

Question 1

Absence of one or both kidneys

Answer 1

renal agenesis

Question 2

term used to describe the condition in which the kidneys are fused at either the upper or lower pole.

Answer 2

horseshoe

Question 3

the most common site of fusion in a horseshoe kidney

Answer 3

lower pole

Question 4

the term used to describe an abnormal location of 1 or both kidneys.

Answer 4

Ectopic kidney

Question 5

The most common locations of an ectopic kidney (2)

Answer 5

lower abdomen or pelvis

Question 6

Childhood PKD is an autosomal… condition and adult PKD is autosomal … condition

Answer 6

recessive; dominant

Question 7

large cysts lined by flattened cuboidal epithelium and an intervening parenchyma that is fibrotic with islands of bluish cartilage

Answer 7

childhood PKD

Question 8

more commonly associated with concurrent liver cysts

Answer 8

adult PKD

Question 9

dialysis patients who develop renal cysts are at an increased risk for

Answer 9

renal cell carcinoma

Question 10

Glomerular diseases presenting as nephrotic syndrome (4)

Answer 10

Lipoid nephrosis
Membranous glomerulopathy
Focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis
Nodular and diffuse glomerulosclerosis

Question 11

Nephrotic syndrome

Answer 11

Proteinuria (>3 gm per 24 hrs.)
Decreased serum proteins
Increased serum lipid levels
Generalized edema

Question 12

the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children

Answer 12

lipoid nephrosis (minimal change dz)

Question 13

in lipoid nephrosis, only protein commonly lost in the urine

Answer 13

albumin

Question 14

flattening of the foot processes and no immune cells

Answer 14

minimal change dz (lipoid nephrosis)

Question 15

the most common cause of adult nephrotic syndrome.

Answer 15

membranous glomerulopathy

Question 16

known to follow infections such as chronic hepatitis B and C, syphilis, malaria and Schistosomiasis

Answer 16

membranous glomerulopathy