Renal Failure/CKD Flashcards
Common causes of kidney disease
Elevated GFR–>CKD–>________
Kidney failure
___________(AKI)-sudden onset, often reversible
Acute kidney injury (AKI)
______________
-Slow development
-The end result of irreparable damage to the kidneys (Permanent loss of nephrons)
-Symptoms after 80% of nephrons are nonfunctioning
Chronic kidney disease
_______________
A condition in which the kidneys fail to remove metabolic end products from the blood and regulate the fluid, electrolyte, and pH balance of the ECF
When kidney damage is severe and kidney function is very low
Renal failure
______________ (ESRD) - Kidney failure treated with dialysis or a kidney transplant
End-stage renal disease
Reported Causes of ESRD(End stage renal disease) in the US
Diabetes, __________
High blood pressure
More often in older adults
*Occurs alongside life-threatening
conditions (trauma, shock, sepsis) and
comorbidities (cardiovascular disease,
diabetes, and respiratory disease)
Acute kidney injury (AKI)
Causes of acute kidney injury (AKI)
Causes
*Prerenal, ___________, and postrenal
intrarenal
Acute kidney injury (AKI)
Indicator
____________
Accumulation of nitrogenous wastes
_______________
Reduced excretion of nitrogenous wastes
imbalanced fluid and electrolyte
Azotemia
A decrease GFR
Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
Decreased GFR less than _____ mL/min/1.73 m2 for _________months or longer
60
3 months
____________ (CKD)
Causes
Permanent loss of nephrons by diabetes, hypertension,
Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
Assessment of CKD
GFR
The best measure of overall function of the kidney
______ to _______mL/min/1.73 mL/m2 for normal young healthy adults
Estimated using the serum creatinine concentration
120 to 130
___________ an early sign of diabetic kidney disease
microalbuminuria
A persistent increase in protein excretion usually is a sign of kidney damage.
