Renal Exam 5

Question 1

What are 4 important things to ask about a urine sample to make an accurate diagnosis?

Answer 1

1. collection method
2. storage
3. USG
4. clinical context of the patient

Question 2

pH should reflect what in the animals body?

Answer 2

acid - base status. Aka acidotic urine should reflect acidosis

Question 3

Is pH a reliable result on the dipstick?

Answer 3

No - it can be up to 0.5

Question 4

What is the transport maximum of glucose through the kidneys with dogs? cats?

Answer 4

dogs - 170 - 180 mg/dL
cats - 260 - 300 mg/dLw

Question 5

what drugs can cause false positives for glucosuria?

Answer 5

amoxicillin, fluroquinolones, cephalexin

Question 6

True or False. occult blood on a dipstick tests for hemoglobin only.

Answer 6

False - tests for both myoglobin and hemoglobin

Question 7

How do you differentiate myoglobin and hemoglobin an occult + on dipstick?

Answer 7

urine sediment.

Question 8

is bilirubin dipstick a reliable test in dogs?

Answer 8

no

Question 9

False +ve proteinuria is due to …
false -ve proteinuria is due to …

Answer 9

+ve - alkaline
-ve dilute urine<

Question 10

< 5 RBC in urine sediment test is normal

Answer 10

yes

Question 11

< 5-10 WBC in urine sediment test is normal

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

Increase in WBC >20 indicates what?

Answer 12

inflammation

Question 13

casts in urine sediment localizes disease process to the…

Answer 13

kidneys

Question 14

Why is a urine culture indicated to document infection?

Answer 14

bacteria UA sediment often has a false +ve due to coccoid bacteria resembling fat droplets at a rate of 50%

Question 15

A true positive result of crystals is important for what 4 things?

Answer 15

1. indicates risk for urolith formation
2. identification of disease
3. prediction of urolith composition
4. monitor response to therapy

Question 16

define dysuria - where does it localize genitourinary disease?

Answer 16

LUTD. difficult/painful urine

Question 17

define stranguria? localize disease to where?

Answer 17

LUTD. slow and painful urination (voiding position for a long time) and could indicate obstruction

Question 18

pollakuria - localize where?

Answer 18

LUTD. excessive and frequent voiding of small amounts of urine.

Question 19

periuria associated with urge incontinence

Answer 19

unrestrained detrusor contractions associated with irritative urethrocystitis

Question 20

periuria associated with urinary incontinence

Answer 20

caused by urethral sphincter problems or ectopic ureters

Question 21

behavior periuria

Answer 21

LUT is functionally and structurally normal