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Renal, Endocrine, Reproductive Systems > Renal Drugs > Flashcards

Renal Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Aliskiren

A

Mechanism: Blocks enzymatic activity of renin

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2
Q

Amiloride

A

Mechanism: competitive inhibitor of ENaC, decreases driving force for K+ secretion, Potassium sparing

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3
Q

Metformin

A

Type: Biguanide
Mechanism: Inhibits Liver gluconeogenesis, enhances insulin receptor signaling

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4
Q

Eplerenone and Spironolactone

A

Mechanism: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (Aldosterone antagonist, K+ sparing)

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5
Q

Sulfonyureas

A

Mechanism: Targets pancreatic Beta cells - insulin secretagogue

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6
Q

Pioglitazone

A

Type: Thiazolidenediones
Mechanism: Insulin sensitizing agent - enhance action of insulin in target cells

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7
Q

Tolvaptan

A

Mechanism: V2 receptor antagonist

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8
Q

Clomiphene

A

Mechanism: selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), antagonizes hypothalamic-pituitary ERα

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9
Q

Luprolide

A

Mechanism: GnRH agonist

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10
Q

Dexamethasone and Prednisone

A

Mechanism: Glucocorticoid analogues

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11
Q

Fludrocortisone

A

Mechanism: mineralocorticoid agonist

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12
Q

Bromocryptine and cabergoline

A

Mechanism: Dopamine Receptor Agonists, blocks PRL secretion, Bromocryptine also antagonizes GH secretion

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13
Q

Octreotide

A

Mechanism: somatostatin analogue, impairs GH secretion

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14
Q

Enalapril, Lisinopril, Captopril (etc.)

A

Type: ACE Inhibitors

Mechanism: impede the production of Angiotensin II, which is a vasoconstrictor and stimulates the secretion of aldosterone.

Effect: Vasodilate

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15
Q

Furosemide

A

Type: Loop Diuretic
Mechanism: Impairs Na+, K+ and Cl- reabsorption by the kidneys. Holds H2O in forming urine. Calcium and Potassium Wasting.

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16
Q

HCTZ - Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Type: Thiazide Diuretic

Mechanism: Impairs Na+ reabsorption by the kidneys in the TAL. Blocks NCC (Calcium sparing and Potassium wasting)

Effect: lower BP

17
Q

Amplodipine

A

Type L Ca2+ channel antagonist

Mechanism: blocks type L Ca2+ channels in VSM that mediate smooth muscle contraction

Effect: causes VSM to relax

18
Q

Losartan, Irbesartan

A

Type: ARBs (Angiotensin Receptor Blockers)

Mechanism: Same rationale for ACE inhibitors, selectively block type AT1 AII receptor

19
Q

Metoprolol, Atenolol

A

Type: ß blockers (“A-M” cardiac specific, “N-Z” general)

Mechanism: Impede ß1-mediated SNS effects

Effect: Lower HR

20
Q

Verapamil

A

Type: Cardiac Calcium Channel Blocker

Mechanism: Block cardiac type L Ca2+ channel, delay AV nodal conduction, negative Inotropy, little effect on non-cardiac type L channels

Renal, Endocrine, Reproductive Systems (2 decks)

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