Renal Diseases

Question 1

3 types of AKI

Answer 1

prerenal
intrarenal
postrenal

Question 2

What are possible causes of hypoperfusion in kidneys, which lead to pre-renal AKI?

Answer 2

• volume depletion (bleeding, CHF, cirrhosis)
• low BP (sepsis, shock, anaphylaxis)
• renal hemodynamic changes (NSAID, ACE/ARB, renal artery thrombosis or embolism, AAA)

Question 3

What are 3 possible structures that can be damaged and lead to intrinsic AKI?
What can cause this structural damage?

Answer 3

vascular (vasculitis, malignant HTN, TTP, HUS, DIC)

glomerular (GN, SLE, Goodpasture syndrome, Wegeners’s)

tubular; aka ATN (prolonged hypoperfusion, toxins, AIN, pyelo)

Question 4

What causes post-renal AKI?

Answer 4

obstruction (stone, tumor, BPH, hematoma, strictures, neurogenic bladder)