Renal Disease

Question 1

What is amyloidosis?

Answer 1

Insoluble, fibrous, protein aggregates deposits

Question 2

Describe and understand the key pathophysiological concepts that underlie common renal diseases

Answer 2

Increased capillary pressure

Decreased colloid oncotic pressure

Question 3

List common symptoms of nephrotic and nephritic disease

Answer 3

Nephrotic - proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia, oedema, hyperlipidaemia
Nephritic - haematuria, , proteinuria, hypertension, blurred vision, oliguria

Question 4

Describe and understand the basic principles of renal replacement therapy

Answer 4

Haemodialysis - Blood pumped around a circuit, removes fluid and toxins, cleaned blood returned to patient

Question 5

Describe how a patient with renal failure may experience a digitoxic reaction

Answer 5

Long half life increased in kidney disease (4-6 days)
Volume of distribution reduced in renal failure
Marrow therapeutic index
Can bind to amyloid protein

Question 6

Describe common types of glomerulonephritis

Answer 6

Podocyte/subepithelial damage
Primary causes - minimal change glomerulonephritis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous glomerulonephritis
Secondary causes - diabetes mellitus, amyloidosis