Renal Cysts Flashcards
What are the two ways renal cysts can be classified
Simple
Complex
What are simple cysts
have a well-defined outline and homogeneous features.
What are complex cysts
Complex cysts have more complicated structures, including thick walls, septations, calcification, or heterogeneous enhancement on imaging.
In with age group are simple cysts prevalent in
50% of over 50years
It is thought that simple cysts develop from what
renal tubule epithelium
What is the classification system used to classify renal cysts
Bosniak classification
What is the caution you have too think about with complex cysts
There is a risk of malignancy
What are the risk factors for the development of renal cysts
increasing age
smoking
hypertension
male gender
Genetic conditions that can cause renal cysts include polycystic kidney disease, tuberous sclerosis, and Von Hippel-Lindau disease.
Which other conditions is ADPKD associated with
Berry aneurysm formation (leading to subarachnoid haemorrhage), mitral valve disease, and liver cysts
What are the clinical features of renal cysts
Asymptomatic if simple cysts and picked up incidentally
Pts that are symptomatic experience flank pain, haematuria
What is the differential diagnosis
Cystic RCC
What is used to make a definitive diagnosis for renal cysts
CT/MRI scans
Needs to be taken pre and post IV constrast
Which bloods tests need to be carried out to investigate renal cysts
Serum U&Es to monitor renal function
Which imaging modality is best suited for Bosniak class IIF to IV
MRI
When does a cyst become complex according to the Bosniak staging
Stage II and above