Renal and GU Pathology I

Question 1

What does the kidney break down?

Answer 1

(1) Nitrogen-containing compounds to urea.

(2) Creatine to creatinine.

Question 2

Signs of Renal Disease

Answer 2

• Uremia
• Uremic stomatitis
• Uremic fetor
• Periodontal disease
• Thrush (candidiasis)
• Altered sensorium

Question 3

Glomeruli job.

Answer 3

Filter the blood to make urine.

Question 4

Glomerulus

Answer 4

A cluster of capillaries that filters the blood.

Question 5

Mesangial Cells

Answer 5

Are in the glomerulus and they regulate blood flow by contracting.

Question 6

Lipoidosis

Answer 6

(1) Selective proteinuria (mainly albumin).
(2) Minimal change nephropathy
(3) Foot process fusion

Question 7

The only nephrotic disease with selective proteinuria.

Answer 7

Lipoidosis

Question 8

Meaning behind the name “lipoid nephrosis.”

Answer 8

Lipids leave the blood (along with proteins) and deposit in the epithelial or endothelial cells.

Question 9

Focal Segmental Glomerular Nephrosis (FSGN)

Answer 9

(1) Only seen in some glomeruli (juxtamedullary glomeruli) and in certain segments of that glomerulus.
(2) Can be a problem with the podocyte proteins (nephrin and podocin) or with a virus (like HIV).

Question 10

Subepithelial deposits with spikes.

Answer 10

Membranous nephropathy.

Question 11

Autoantibodies attack the phospholipase A2 receptor in the basement membrane.

Answer 11

Membranous nephropathy.

Question 12

IgA Nephropathy

Answer 12

(1) Elevated IgA in the serum and complexed with an antigen.

(2) Immune deposits containing IgA in the mesangium, NOT the basement membrane.

Question 13

Post-Streptococcal Glomerular Nephrosis

Answer 13

1) Occurs after an upper respiratory infection.
2) Has subepithelial humps.
3) The glomeruli are hypercellular.

Question 14

Goodpasteur’s Disease

Answer 14

1) An anti-basement membrane glomerular disease of the kidney and lung (Pulmonary hemorrhage).
2) Linear deposits (THE ONLY ONE!)
3) Crescent shape.