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Renal Flashcards

1
Q

muddy brown casts in urine

A

acute tubular necrosis

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2
Q

coarse cortical scarring on imagining

A

pyelonephritis

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3
Q

macroscopic haematuria after an infection

A

IgA nephropathy

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4
Q

IgA nephropathy + arthritis, colitis, rash

A

Henoch Schonlien purpura

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5
Q

mesangial proliferation and expansion on LM and IgA deposits on IF

A

IgA nephropathy

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6
Q

no other change except foot process fusion on EM

A

minimal change/ idiopathy GN

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7
Q

GN in children

A

minimal change (idiopathic)

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8
Q

GN associated with Hodgkins lymphoma

A

minimal change

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9
Q

thickened basement membrane with sub-epithelial electron dense deposits creating a spike and dome appearance

A

membranous nephropathy

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10
Q

Anti-PLA2r

A

membranous nephropathy

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11
Q

haemoptysis + renal failure with linear IgG deposits along basement membrane

A

Goodpastures

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12
Q

Anti-GBM antibodies

A

Goodpastures

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13
Q

kidney failure after a sore throat in a child

A

post strep GN

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14
Q

epithelial crescents in Bowman’s capsule

A

GPA

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15
Q

most common GN in transplanted kidneys

A

focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

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16
Q

Kimmelstiel wilson lesions present

A

Diabetic nephropathy

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17
Q

most common renal cancer in kids

A

Wilm’s tumour (nephroblastoma)

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18
Q

Cannon balls on x-ray

A

renal mets

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19
Q

hairdressers, rubber industry

A

transitional cell carcinoma of bladder

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20
Q

cyclophosphamide

A

predisposes transitional cell carcinoma of bladder

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21
Q

sea anemone appearance on cystoscopy

A

transitional cell carcinoma

22
Q

high protein diet, body builders, chemo, gout

A

uric acid kidney stones

23
Q

occurs just after a UTI

A

struvite kidney stones caused by proteus sp.

24
Q

massive bilateral kidney enlargement with FHx of same thing

25
Q

Berry aneurysm –> subarachnoid haemorrhage

26
Q

UTI in a patient with urethral instrumentation

A

pseudomonas - treat with ciprofloxacin

27
Q

UTI + travel to india

A

carbapenase producing klebsiella that is resistant to all antibiotics

28
Q

full bladder on palpation in someone with incontinence

A

overflow incontinence

29
Q

incontinence triggered by key in door or sound of running water

A

urge incontinence

30
Q

incontinence when coughing

A

stress incontinence

31
Q

saddle nose and cANCA +ve

32
Q

Rolaeux formation and Bence jones proteins (monoclonal light chains) on MSU

33
Q

racoon eye signs

A

spontaneous peri-oribtal purpura - seen in amyloidosis

34
Q

congo red stain on apple green birefringence

A

amyloidosis

35
Q

Howell-jolly antibodies

A

amyloidosis

36
Q

hesitancy and terminal dribbling

37
Q

bell clapper deformity

A

testicular torsion

38
Q

blue dot sign

A

torsion of appendages

39
Q

inflammation of testis with pyrexia

A

epididymitis

40
Q

PLAP marker

41
Q

HCG marker

42
Q

potato tumour

43
Q

honeymoon cystitis

A

abacterial cystitis/urethral syndrome

44
Q

schistosomiasis

A

SCC of bladder

45
Q

deaf and kidney problems

A

Alport’s syndrome

46
Q

can of worms

A

varicocele

47
Q

if you can get above scrotal swelling and transilluminates

48
Q

if you can’t get above scrotal swelling

A

inguinal hernia

49
Q

dull scrotal pain that is getting progressively worse and patient now struggling to walk

A

epididymo-orchitis

50
Q

bunch of grapes appearance

A

medullary sponge kidney

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