Renal

Question 1

What is the definition of GFR?

Answer 1

Amount of fluid filtered from the glomeruli into the Bowman’s capsule per unit time (ml/time)

Question 2

What is the formula for GFR?

Answer 2

GFR = Puf x Kf

Question 3

What is Kf?

Answer 3

Ultrafiltration coefficient

Question 4

What is Puf?

Answer 4

Puf = HPgc – HPbw – πgc

Question 5

What is the normal GFR for female?

Answer 5

80-125ml/min

Question 6

What is the normal GFR for males?

Answer 6

90-140ml/min

Question 7

What molecule is ideally used to measure GFR?

Answer 7

Inuline

Question 8

What molecule is commonly used to measure GFR?

Answer 8

Creatinine

Question 9

What mechanisms are used to keep GFR constant?

Answer 9

1. Myogenic mechanism

2. Tubuloglomerular feedback

Question 10

What is the myogenic mechanism?

Answer 10

1. Vascular smooth muscle constricts when stretched
2. Keeps GFR constant when BP increased
3. Arterial pressure increased
4. Afferent arteriole stretched
5. Arteriole contracts (vessel resistance increased)
6. blood flow decreased, GFR constant

Question 11

What is the tubuloglomerular feedback?

Answer 11

1. Where NaCl in fluid sensed by macula densa in JGA
2. Signal to afferent arteriole
3. Constriction
4. Decreased filtration

Question 12

What is the definition of renal clearance?

Answer 12

Number of litres of plasma of the substance which is completely cleared per unit time.

Question 13

What is the formula for renal clearance?

Answer 13

𝐶=(𝑈 𝑥 𝑉)/𝑃 mL/min

Question 14

What is PAH?

Answer 14

Para Aminohippurate

Question 15

What does PAH clearance equal?

Answer 15

Renal Plasma Flow