Renal 1 Flashcards
1
Q
- Relatively common (1 in 800)
- Pt usually unaware
- Usually only one kidney
- Both kidneys is rare/incompatible w/ life
A
Unilateral agenesis (one kidney does not form)
2
Q
What are the 4 diseases of the kidney we learned about?
A
- Unilateral agenesis
- Renal Hypoplasia
- Horseshoe Kidney
- Renal Cystic Dysplasia
3
Q
- Kidneys do not develop to normal size
- More often affects 1 kidney
- When both kidneys involved, results in renal failure (will need dialysis)
A
Renal Hypoplasia
4
Q
What are the 2 most common causes of Renal Hypoplasia?
A
- HTN
- DM
5
Q
- Fusion of kidney at midline
- Occurs in 1 in 600
- No issues, unless defect favors obstruction to renal flow
A
Horseshoe Kidney
6
Q
What vessel blocks a horseshoe kidney?
A
Inferior Mesenteric Artery (IMA)
7
Q
- Most common renal development disorder
- Results from abnormal differentiation of the renal structures during embryonic period along w/ cyst formation
- Usually unilateral
A
Renal Cystic Dysplasia
8
Q
- Histologically, tube like structures enclosed by mesenchyme, foci of cartilage, and immature glomeruli and tubules
- ***NO association w/ malignancy***
A
Renal Cystic Dysplasia
9
Q
- Multiple, expanding serous or purulent filled cysts of both kidneys that destroys intervening parenchyma
- Autosomal Dominant disorder
- Cysts derivedm from obstructed tubules, but reason for obstruction is unknown
A
Adult Polycystic Kidney Disease
10
Q
- # 1 disorder that needs dialysis
- Develops by age 30 or 40
- BUN and Creatnine are increased
- Kidneys are size of liver!
A
Adult Polycystic Kidney Disease
11
Q
- Early sign is dull/aching pain in abdomen or back
- Tubules, vessels, glomeruli are all impinged upon
- Signs of renal failure in 3rd or 4th decades of life
A
Adult Polycystic Kidney Disease
12
Q
- Results in hematuria w/ “red frank blood”
- May lead to ischemic atrophy of intervening parenchyma leading to: hemorrhage, infection, and HTN
A
Adult Polycystic Kidney Disease
13
Q
- The most common congenital kidney disease that people go on dialysis for
A
Adult Polycystic Kidney Disease
14
Q
3 things common in people w/ Adult Polycystic Kidney Disease
A
- HTN w/ varying severity occurs in 75%
- Saccular berry aneurysms present in 10-30% of patients
- End stage renal failure occurs about age 50
15
Q
- As soon as umbilical cord is cut, baby goes into kidney failure
- Autosomal recessive disorder
- Enlarged bilateral kidneys which are non-functional at birth
- Resemble sponges
A
Childhood Polycystic Kidney Disease