Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bmsc 208 > Renal 1 > Flashcards

Renal 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What urine characteristics have been used as indicators of health of body

A

Color, clarity, odor taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the honey-urine disease

A

Diabetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the most important function of the kidneys

A

Homeostatic regulation of water and ion content of the blood (salt-water balance or fluid-electrolyte balance)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

6 other functions of kidneys

A
  1. Regulation of extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure
  2. Regulation of osmolarity
  3. Maintenance of ion balance
  4. Homeostatic regulation of pH
  5. Excretion of wastes
  6. Production of hormones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What ions are balanced by kidneys

A

Na, K, Ca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What wastes are excreted

A

Metabolic and xenobiotics (substances foreign to body)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How much kidney is need for function without disrupting homeostatsis

A

Can loose 3/4 kidney function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where are kidneys located

A

Retro-peritoneally wedged against back muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How much of cardiac output does urinary system recieve

A

20-25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cortex

A

Outer lighter region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Medulla

A

Triangle inner portion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Renal pelvis

A

Vasculature and nerves and ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where are nephrons

A

Inside renal pyramids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are nephrons

A

Functional unit of kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

2 kinds of nephrons

A

80% cortical nephrons (most in cortex)
20% juxtamedullary nephrons (junction between cortex and medulla and extend down into medulla)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What parts of nephron does cortex contain

A

Bowman’s capsules, proximal and distal tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What part of nephron does medulla contain

A

Loops of henle and collecting ducts

18
Q

What is the order of the renal vascular components

A

L+R renal arteries- afferent arterioles - glomerulus (capillaries) - efferent arterioles - peritubular capillaries - L+R renal vein

19
Q

On the juxtamedullary nephron what is the peritubular capillaries called when they extend in medulla

A

Vasa recta

20
Q

The renal system is a portal system. What is a portal system

A

2 linked capillary beds exist and interact

21
Q

Where does filtration occur

A

Glomerulus into bowman’s capsule

22
Q

Where does reabsorption and secretion occur

A

Peritubular capillaries

23
Q

What is the order of the tubular component of the nephron

A

Bowman’s capsule - proximal tubule - descending loop of henle - ascending loop of henle - distal tube - collecting duct

24
Q

What is the nephron made up of

A

Single layer of epithelial cells

25
Q

What 4 processes do the kidneys complete

A

Filter, reabsorb, secrete, excrete

26
Q

Filtration

A

Bulk flow of fluid and dissolved solutes from the glomerulus (blood) to bowman’s capsule (lumen)

27
Q

Secretion

A

From blood into lumen of nephron

28
Q

Reabsorption

A

From lumen of nephron to blood

29
Q

Why is reabsorption important

A

Some substances from bulk flow we want back in body

30
Q

Excretion

A

From lumen to outside of body

31
Q

Where is only place you see filtration

A

Glomerular capillary

32
Q

What 3 processes happen in nephron

A
  1. Glomerular filtration
  2. Tubular secretion
  3. Tubular reabsorption
33
Q

How much plasma is filtered at the glomeruli each day? How much is reabsorbed? How much excreted?

A

180L
>99% is reabsorbed
~1.5L/day is excreted

34
Q

What is filtrate? What is urine?

A

Fluid enters bowman’s capsule
Urine exits collecting duct

35
Q

How much reabsorption occurs in proximal tubule

A

~70%

36
Q

What kind of reabsorption happens at descending and ascending loops of henle

A

Descending= fluid
Ascending= solute

37
Q

What is the loop of henle responsible for

A

Creating dilute urine (hyposmotic - solute absorbed exceeds water)

38
Q

What does the distal tubule and collecting duct regulate

A

Salt and water balance under the control of hormones

39
Q

What varied for the urine excreted

A

The final volume and osmolarity
- based on what we need
- if dehydrated reabsorb water, osmolarity increases

40
Q

What do not all substances undergo in plasma

A

Filtration and/or secretion and/or reabsorption

41
Q

How to fin the amount excreted

A

Amount filtered - amount reabsorbed + amount secreted = amount excreted

Bmsc 208 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions