Renaissance Chapter 1-3 Flashcards
What is the Silk road?
Routes from Europe to Asia where trade traveled through
What was the most impactful thing traded on the Silk road?
Worldviews
What happened because of the Silk road?
The Europeans were exposed to new ideas, the Islamic empires become a center of learning being in the center, and diseases spread
What is Feudalism?
A hierarchical system in the middle ages based on land, loyalty and duty.
What was the hierarchy of Feudalism?
King -> Clergy and Nobles -> Knights -> Peasants (Serfs)
What was the duty of peasants in Feudalism?
They paid taxes, farmed land, and were in the army of the king and the nobles. In return, they got protection, food, and shelter.
What was the duty of Knights in Feudalism?
They fought for the nobles in exchange for food, shelter, and protection
What was the nobles duty in Feudalism?
They allied with kings, paid taxes and gave a portion of their crops. In return, they got lands called manors.
What were the Crusades?
A series of military campaigns that began as pilgrims, but grew into taking the “Holy Land” from the muslims.
What was the black death?
A deadly disease that spread to Europe through the silk road.
What happened because of the black death?
- Nobles had to sell or rent out land (Urbanization)
- 2/3 of Europeans died
- People questioned the Church (Reformation)
Why did the Renaissance start in Italy?
Location Urbanization Merchants Weak feudalism Pope -> Avignon
Which city-states did the Renaissance start in?
Florence
Venice
Genoa
What was the Renaissance?
A time of enlightenment in Europe. Shaped largely by humanism.
What is Humanism?
The idea that life on Earth has value and that humans are important.
Who was responsible for the spread of Renaissance ideas?
Scholars, philosophers, merchants, and artists.
What slowed down the Renaissance?
Geography (Mountains, ect.)
Feudalism (Ridged society)
Religion
War
Why did geography slow down the renaissance?
The geography prevented people from travelling which prevented the exchange of ideas.
Why did feudalism slow down the renaissance?
The hierarchy was very strict and discouraged new ideas.
Why did war slow down the renaissance?
People did not travel to war areas so the exchange of ideas was limited.
Why did religion slow down the renaissance?
The church wanted to keep the “status quo.”
What technology helped to spread the renaissance?
The Printing Press
Humanism came from the study what?
Classical greek and roman texts
What is a vernacular language?
A language that is spoken in a local area by local people (like French for Quebec)
What were some renaissance accomplishments?
Printing Press Body dissections Heliocentric Model Trigonometry and geometry Perspective in art
What are worldviews shaped by?
Geography
Ideas and knowledge
Contact with other groups
What is the protestant reformation?
A religious movement where protesters sought to reform the church
Who started the reformation and where?
Martin Luther started it in Germany
How did Luther express his opinions to the Church
He created the 95 theses that outlined things the church should change.
What does Nationalism mean?
The feeling of belongingness to a nation, state, country, or group
What does Nation mean?
A group of people mainly of common descent, history, culture, and language, often forming a territory
What things helped create a sense of nationalism?
Urbanization
Gunpowder
The printing press
Exploration and discovery
What was the Age of exploration?
An age of exploration
What does “In the name of god and profit” show?
It shows that the worldview of that time was to make wealth and spreading Christianity
What was the Italian advantage for trading?
They were closer to the middle east
European countries traded with Italy not the Ottoman Empire
Genoa and Venice had special rights
Why were England, France, Portugal, and Spain better at exploration?
They had Atlantic coasts
Their monarchs were willing to fund expeditions
They had the latest tech
What new techs allowed for more exploration?
Caravel + Carrack
Astrolabe
What are the three G’s?
God, Glory, and Gold
What is the Colombian Exchange?
A large scale exchange between the Old and the New World
What is Ethnocentrism?
Belief that one’s race or culture is superior
What is Imperialism?
The policy of a country or empire to extend its authority or domination by political, economic, or military means
